Prediction the variation range of wax deposition with temperature of crude oil in a flow loop

Quan, Qing; Ran, Wen; Wang, Shouxi; Wang, Yong; Li, Rui; Gong, Junbo

doi:10.1080/10916466.2018.1511580

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…4,5 Most researchers pointed out that the molecular diffusion mechanism played a leading role in the wax deposition. 6,7 In wax deposition test systems, cold finger, 8 flow loop, 9 Taylor-Couette device, 10 and visual parallel plate wax deposition system 11 are developed to simulate the wax deposition process in real pipelines. To make sure of the security of the pipelines, the shale oil is often preheated or chemically treated or both before it is poured into the pipelines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like the waxy crude oil, shale oil is also a complex mixed system composed of waxes, colloids, asphaltenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and light hydrocarbons. , One of its prominent features is its high wax content, which causes poor flowability of shale oil at room temperature and triggers wax deposition in the pipelines transporting shale oil . Many wax deposition mechanisms were put forward, including molecular diffusion, shear dispersion, Brown motion, gravitational settling, heat transfer, and so on. , Most researchers pointed out that the molecular diffusion mechanism played a leading role in the wax deposition. , In wax deposition test systems, cold finger, flow loop, Taylor-Couette device, and visual parallel plate wax deposition system are developed to simulate the wax deposition process in real pipelines. To make sure of the security of the pipelines, the shale oil is often preheated or chemically treated or both before it is poured into the pipelines …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Thermal Treating Temperature on the Performance of EVA Wax Inhibitor for Changqing Shale Oil

et al. 2023

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Ethylene−vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) is a kind of efficient wax inhibitor for waxy crude oil. To ensure good performance of EVA, thermal treating at temperatures ≥60 °C is needed for the doped waxy crude oil. Shale oil, which often contains a substantial amount of wax, is an important unconventional petroleum resource and has been exploited all over the world. To better guide the pipeline transportation of shale oil, in this paper, the effect of thermal treating temperature (40−60 °C) on the performance of EVA (with the fixed dosage of 50 ppm) wax inhibitor for specific Changqing shale oil was investigated through the rheological measurement, wax depositing test, microscopic observation of wax crystals, and particle size test of asphaltenes. The results showed that the performance of EVA is poor at thermal treating temperatures <50 °C. At the thermal treating temperatures ≥50 °C, adding 50 ppm EVA could outstandingly improve the flowability and inhibit the wax deposition of the shale oil. Increasing the thermal treating temperature to 50− 60 °C greatly facilitates the adsorption of EVA molecules on the asphaltenes and then outstandingly reduces the particle size of asphaltenes (form the average size of 399.75 nm without EVA to 78.54 nm with EVA at a thermal treating temperature of 50 °C). Therefore, the thermal treatment at 50−60 °C favors the formation of more EVA/ asphaltene composite particles. The formed EVA/asphaltene composite particles trigger the formation of larger and spherical-like wax crystals, thus further enhancing the performance of the EVA inhibitor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Thermal Treating Temperature on the Performance of EVA Wax Inhibitor for Changqing Shale Oil

et al. 2023

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“…After that, with the continuous precipitation of wax crystals, the solid particles will be gradually connected to form a spatial network structure, and the crude oil is wrapped in its pores, which results in a deterioration of flows and eventually causes the blockage of the pipeline. It is concluded that the wax deposition process is influenced by many factors, such as crude oil composition, pipe wall material, temperature, , flow velocity, and flow pattern. , For the wax deposition mechanism, the classical theories include molecular diffusion, ,− shear dispersion, , Brownian motion, , and gravity deposition. , Recently, with the further development of the wax-deposited research, the mechanisms of shear stripping, gelation (emulsified nucleation) − and aging was proposed. ,− Many scholars have performed research regarding those mechanisms. Hoffmann et al and Mehrotra et al found that the carbon number distribution on the surface of wax deposition layer is closer to that of the flowing oil when the flow rate is low and the water content is high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 For the wax deposition mechanism, the classical theories include molecular diffusion, 5,15−17 shear dispersion, 12,18 Brownian motion, 19,20 and gravity deposition. 15,21 Recently, with the further development of the wax-deposited research, the mechanisms of shear stripping, 22 gelation (emulsified nucleation) 23−25 and aging was proposed. 7,26−28 Many scholars have performed research regarding those mechanisms.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…its influence on wax deposition is generally believed to be small and negligible 15,21 shear stripping The shear stress produced by the oil flow on the wax deposition layer will strip off the oil and wax molecules in the crevices of the deposition, which could increase the hardness of the deposition layer and the number of C atoms in the composition 22,44 stabilizes the wax deposition on the wall gelation (emulsification nucleation) the emulsified particles in the low-temperature oil came into contact and combined with each other, and the wax crystal particles are adsorbed on the surface of the dispersed phase of the emulsification system, accumulated, and grown continuously to form a gel network structure and accelerate the wax deposition process 23−25 at high oil temperatures, molecular diffusion plays a important role; at low oil temperatures, gelation plays a leading role rotating disk device, the loop device, and the OSDC device are dynamic apparatuses. 37,48 However, there is no clear definition for the division of the experimental device.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wax and Wax–Hydrate Deposition Characteristics in Single-, Two-, and Three-Phase Pipelines: A Review

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Energy Fuels

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In the oil pipeline transportation system, wax deposition will reduce the effective circulation area, weaken the overall pipeline transportation capacity, and even block the pipeline, which seriously threatens the safety of the pipeline flows. In the actual production of oil fields and the transportation of oil products, except for the single-phase waxy crude oil, under most conditions, operations are performed using multiphase mixed transportation, so it is necessary to determine the wax deposition characteristics in those pipeline systems. In this Review, three new wax deposition mechanisms proposed in recent years and several typical experimental devices were summarized, the wax deposition in oil–water and oil–gas flow systems and the wax–hydrate coupling deposition in oil–gas–water flow system flows were concluded; the mathematical models were also categorized based on the three flow systems. Meanwhile, it highlighted the fact that, in the two-phase flow, because of the complexity of the flow pattern and the presence of the second interface on the wax deposition process, independent theoretical research on the mechanism of wax deposition is particularly necessary; based on this, a more-accurate wax deposition prediction model can also be developed. For the coupled deposition of wax-hydrate in the three-phase flow system, experimental instruments such as FBRM, PVM and molecular dynamics simulations could be used to study the distribution characteristics and interaction rules of wax crystals and hydrate particles from a microscopic perspective. On the other hand, the mechanism of wax crystal and hydrate coupling deposition by additives such as antiwax agents, hydrate inhibitors, antipolymerization agents, and pipeline transportation conditions can be investigated experimentally to better control the deposition process during pipeline operation and ensure the safe flow in the transportation system.

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Crude oil wax: A review on formation, experimentation, prediction, and remediation techniques

Kiyingi

Guo²,

Xiong³

et al. 2022

Petroleum Science

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Prediction the variation range of wax deposition with temperature of crude oil in a flow loop

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Influence of Thermal Treating Temperature on the Performance of EVA Wax Inhibitor for Changqing Shale Oil

Influence of Thermal Treating Temperature on the Performance of EVA Wax Inhibitor for Changqing Shale Oil

Wax and Wax–Hydrate Deposition Characteristics in Single-, Two-, and Three-Phase Pipelines: A Review

Crude oil wax: A review on formation, experimentation, prediction, and remediation techniques

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