Predictive and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer: A systematic review of recent advances and challenges

Das, Vishal; Kalita, Jatin; Pal, Mintu

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.064

Cited by 237 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…It is reported to be over expressed in colon malignancies; hence, it finds wide application as independent prognostic tumor marker . Studies from different research groups have reported the increased CEA levels in colorectal carcinoma . DMH, a potent carcinogen causes remarkable alterations in CEA enzymes levels by instigating reactive oxygen species induced injury to colon cells .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemopreventive efficacy zingerone (4‐[4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl] butan‐2‐one) in experimental colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats

Ganaie

Saeedan

Madhkali

et al. 2019

Environmental Toxicology

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Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Development of naturally occurring inexpensive and safe alternatives can be effective in suppressing colon related proliferations. Zingerone (4-[4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl] butan-2-one), a polyphenolic alkanone of ginger, has massive pharmacological properties and thus can be used as promising candidate against various ailments. In the current study, we aimed at demonstrating the protective effect of zingerone against experimental colon carcinogenesis and elucidating its possible mechanism by studying inflammatory and Nrf-2 signaling cascade. Four groups of animals (I-IV) were made with six animals each. Group I (control) was given normal saline orally. Group II was given 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at the dose rate of 20 mg/kg body weight. Group III and IV were treated with DMH at the dose rate of 20 mg/kg body weight and also received oral treatment of zingerone at a dose rate of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for first 5 weeks and animals were euthanized after 16 weeks. Our results reveal that DMH treated rats exhibited elevated ROS and MDA levels, increased activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 and serum marker enzyme carcinoembreyonic antigen (CEA), increased no of aberrant crypts of foci (ACF), and elevated expression of inflammatory and proliferative proteins. Nrf-2 was downregulated by DMH treatment. Treatment with zingerone to DMH treated rats, resulted in alterations in the activity of the cytochrome P450 2E1 and CEA. In addition, immunostaining of NF-kB-p65, COX-2, iNOS, and PCNA, Ki-67 was suppressed by zingerone. Furthermore, zingerone administration also attenuated the level of IL-6 and TNF-α and it also helps in preserving mucous layer.Thus, zingerone could be considered as a good chemopreventive agent in experimental model of colon carcinogenesis. Further studies are required to study other pathways involved in colon carcinogenesis and their modulation buy zingerone. K E Y W O R D S chemoprevention, colon cancer, hyperproliferation, inflammation, natural product, zingerone 1 | INTRODUCTION Cancer is the leading cause of death in developed and developing nations. In under developed countries, it is the second most cause of death. 1 Colon cancer is the third most frequent malignancy and fourth most common cause of mortality in both the genders throughout the world. 2 It arises due to varied alterations (genetic as well as epigenetic) in the colonic epithelium. 3 Epidemiological studies have shown that there exists an interaction between diet and the prevalence of colorectal cancer which can be promoted by a diet rich in fat and meat. Experimental colon carcinogenesis is induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in rodents mostly in distal part of the colon. DMH induced pathological and molecular events are similar to those observed in human colon cancer. 4,5

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemopreventive efficacy zingerone (4‐[4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl] butan‐2‐one) in experimental colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats

Ganaie

Saeedan

Madhkali

et al. 2019

Environmental Toxicology

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“…Several lines of evidences have indicated that identification of various risk factors and biomarkers could contribute to better understanding of cellular and molecular signaling pathways involved in disease processes which could finally lead to a more effective therapy for CRC patients (Das, Kalita, & Pal, ; Schirripa & Lenz, ; Tanaka, Tanaka, Tanaka, & Ishigamori, ). Moreover, using powerful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers allow a better monitoring of response to therapy in patients with CRC (Tanaka et al, ; Yiu & Yiu, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs: Potential candidates for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer

Moridikia

Mirzaei

Sahebkar

et al. 2017

Journal Cellular Physiology

181

168

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known as the third common cancer worldwide and an important public health problem in different populations. Several genetics and environmental risk factors are involved in the development and progression of CRC including chromosomal abnormalities, epigenetic alterations, and unhealthy lifestyle. Identification of risk factors and biomarkers could lead to a better understanding of molecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory molecules which could affect a variety of cellular and molecular targets in CRC. A large number of studies have indicated deregulations of some known tissue-specific miRNAs, for example, miR-21, miR-9, miR-155, miR-17, miR-19, let-7, and miR-24 as well as circulating miRNAs, for example, miR-181b, miR-21, miR-183, let-7g, miR-17, and miR-126, in patients with CRC. In the current review, we focus on the findings of preclinical and clinical studies performed on tissue-specific and circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the detection of patients at various stages of CRC.

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“…To further investigate the expression of tumor markers in 3D tumoroid cultures we chose to analyze the expression of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tumor shed antigens (TSAs) commonly used clinically as cancer biomarkers [17][18][19]. In order to verify tumor-specific expression of these biomarkers, we performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the tumor-of-origin and respective ALI 3D tumor culture (Figure 2A and 2B).…”

Section: Ali Cultures Express the Tumor Markers Ca19-9 And Ceamentioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

Oncotarget

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Predictive and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer: A systematic review of recent advances and challenges

Cited by 237 publications

References 128 publications

Chemopreventive efficacy zingerone (4‐[4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl] butan‐2‐one) in experimental colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats

Chemopreventive efficacy zingerone (4‐[4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl] butan‐2‐one) in experimental colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats

MicroRNAs: Potential candidates for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer

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