Predictive factors associated with adjacent teeth root resorption of palatally impacted canines in Arabian population: a cone-beam computed tomography analysis

Abstract

Background This study aimed to evaluate three-dimensionally the factors associated with adjacent teeth root resorption of palatally impacted canines. Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, one-hundred and fourteen cone beam computed tomography scans with palatally impacted maxillary canines were evaluated for the presence of adjacent root resorption. Seven parameters were analyzed: alignment of maxillary incisors, presence of deciduous canines, first premolars’ roots configuration, impacted canines rotation, angulation of impacted canine to the midline, contact relationship, and area of contact with adjacent teeth. The association between dependent and independent qualitative and quantitative variables was analyzed using chi-square and independent student’s t-test, respectively. The multivariate analysis was performed using regression analysis. The significant value was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results The overall incidence of vertical, horizontal impaction and adjacent root resorption were 92, 8 and 77.2%, respectively. The apical third was the most involved area (57%); resorption of a single tooth was found in 21.9% of the total sample. The most common resorbed teeth were lateral first premolars (24.6%), followed by central lateral incisors (20.2%), and lateral incisors (15.8%) of the total sample. The severity of resorption was highest in grade I (31.5%) and lowest in grade III (7.6%). Three variables showed significant differences between resorption and non-resorption groups namely; canine rotation (P < 0.013), contact relationship (P < 0.001), and area of contact with adjacent teeth (P < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed an association between adjacent root resorption and permanent canine rotation, adjacent premolars’ roots configuration, contact relationship, and area of contact (P < 0.05). Conclusion Two-thirds of impacted maxillary canines showed a form of root resorption. The most commonly resorbed tooth was the lateral incisors while the least affected one was the central incisors with apical one-third being of the highest risk. The predisposing factors including the canine rotation, premolar with separated roots, contact relationship, and area of contact with adjacent teeth are to be considered for any interceptive treatment.

A quantitative three-dimensional comparative study of alveolar bone changes and apical root resorption between clear aligners and fixed orthodontic appliances

“…Another limitation of this study is that data analysis was carried out on immediate post-treatment CBCT images; therefore, we cannot state whether or not the orthodontic treatment sequel of both treatment modalities undergoes spontaneous reparative changes over time unless a comprehensive long-term assessment is done; this is recommended for future similar research. Although the 3D identification of the apical root area is accurate and valid [ 8 , 26 , 46 , 47 ], volumetric measurements using manual segmentation might give a better presentation of root resorption and are recommended in any further research.…”

“…Diagnostic accuracy differs according to the used method of detection [ 26 ]. Previous studies reported that conventional two-dimensional (2D) radiography has inherent limitations due to magnification and distortion in contrast to CBCT, which helps to quantitatively assess alveolar bone and root length with high accuracy and precision [ 27 ], besides being highly reproducible [ 28 ] and exhibiting excellent accuracy and sensitivity [ 29 ].…”

Prevalence of canine impaction in the western province of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey

“…Canine impaction is believed to have multifactorial etiology, including those that are localized, systemic, or genetic. [ 3 4 5 ] Impaction of the maxillary canines is a clinical situation that is experienced quite frequently, especially by orthodontists. There are a variety of possible difficulties that can arise as a result of canine impaction.…”

Root Resorption of the Permanent Central Incisor through Ectopic Eruption of the Maxillary Canine

“…Leaving impacted canines without proper intervention results in serious damage of the adjacent teeth, and the predisposing factors associated with root resorption are the permanent canine rotation, separated root configuration of the first premolar, contact relationship, and area of contact with adjacent teeth [ 13 ]. The study of these changes is of utmost importance in dentistry, given that the success of the treatment and the prognosis depend on early diagnosis for intervention, when necessary, with the best possible therapeutic conduct, which are the rapid maxillary expansion and deciduous canine extraction, to foster the development of occlusion within the parameters of normality [ 8 , 10 , 14 ].…”