Predictive Factors for Neck and Shoulder Pain: A Longitudinal Study in Young Adults

Siivola, Sari M.; Levoska, Sinikka; Latvala, Kirsi; Hoskio, Erika; Vanharanta, Heikki; Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka

doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000133644.29390.43

Cited by 152 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Insufficient quantity and quality of sleep could well be related to the increased prevalence of musculoskeletal pains. Some early studies suggest that tiredness, difficulties in falling asleep, waking up at night and other sleep problems are risk factors for musculoskeletal pains [10,42,47,52]. A cohort-based, long-term follow-up study among adults showing that sleep disturbances predict hospitalizations for back disorders [21] confirmed earlier observations, although the results may have been confounded by occupational factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Difficulty in falling asleep increased the risk of low back pain in a 2-year follow-up of 287 children aged 9-12 years [47]. Sleeping difficulties and symptoms of fatigue in adolescence were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of neck-shoulder pain in adulthood in a follow-up of 394 individuals [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These included the level of physical activity [2,5,25,26,42], time spent in different sedentary activities [2,3,25,42], smoking [5,31,32] and the level of obesity [5,32]. Additionally, the adolescents' moods of unhappiness, sadness and depression [9,18], and their parents' selfreported socioeconomic status [31] were included as confounders.…”

Section: Confounding Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of pain at these locations increases with age [12,19,32,42,44,55]. The etiology of adolescent NP, SP and LBP still remains largely unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The etiology of adolescent NP, SP and LBP still remains largely unclear. Some lifestyle factors may associate with these pains, such as smoking [29,31,38], high level of physical activity [2,3,19,25,33,42] and a great deal of sitting [2,3,11,42]. In addition, psychosocial symptoms [9,11,18,23] and obesity [5,32] have also been suggested to increase the risk of LBP in adolescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is insufficient quantity and quality of sleep a risk factor for neck, shoulder and low back pain? A longitudinal study among adolescents

et al. 2009

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The quantity and quality of adolescents' sleep may have changed due to new technologies. At the same time, the prevalence of neck, shoulder and low back pain has increased. However, only a few studies have investigated insufficient quantity and quality of sleep as possible risk factors for musculoskeletal pain among adolescents. The aim of the study was to assess whether insufficient quantity and quality of sleep are risk factors for neck (NP), shoulder (SP) and low back pain (LBP). A 2-year followup survey among adolescents aged 15-19 years was (2001)(2002)(2003) carried out in a subcohort of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n = 1,773). The outcome measures were 6-month period prevalences of NP, SP and LBP. The quantity and quality of sleep were categorized into sufficient, intermediate or insufficient, based on average hours spent sleeping, and whether or not the subject suffered from nightmares, tiredness and sleeping problems. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for having musculoskeletal pain were obtained through logistic regression analysis, adjusted for previously suggested risk factors and finally adjusted for specific pain status at 16 years. The 6-month period prevalences of neck, shoulder and low back pain were higher at the age of 18 than at 16 years. Insufficient quantity or quality of sleep at 16 years predicted NP in both girls (OR 4.4; CI 2.2-9.0) and boys (2.2; 1.2-4.1). Similarly, insufficient sleep at 16 years predicted LBP in both girls (2.9; 1.7-5.2) and boys (2.4; 1.3-4.5), but SP only in girls (2.3; 1.2-4.4). After adjustment for pain status, insufficient sleep at 16 years predicted significantly only NP (3.2; 1.5-6.7) and LBP (2.4; 1.3-4.3) in girls. Insufficient sleep quantity or quality was an independent risk factor for NP and LBP among girls. Future studies should test whether interventions aimed at improving sleep characteristics are effective in the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal pain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Confounding Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of pain at these locations increases with age [12,19,32,42,44,55]. The etiology of adolescent NP, SP and LBP still remains largely unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is insufficient quantity and quality of sleep a risk factor for neck, shoulder and low back pain? A longitudinal study among adolescents

et al. 2009

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Pain Disorders, Part II: Evaluating the Difficult Pain Patient

Katz

Smith²

2008

AMA Guides® Newsletter

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In the conclusion of this two-part article, the authors present the notion of psychiatric confounders to assist non–psychiatric physicians in assessing the “difficult pain patient.” Non–psychiatric physicians need not have a detailed understanding of all psychiatric diagnoses, but an understanding of certain diagnoses will assist in evaluating patients with enduring pain complaints. Psychosocial factors have important effects on the relationship between pain and disability. In one study, job satisfaction was a predictor of future disability in low back pain patients; in another study, psychiatric morbidity in a pain-free population predicted the development of back pain over a defined period. In many patients with persistent somatic and/or pain complaints, unrecognized psychiatric diagnoses drive or complicate symptoms and may precede the onset of low back pain. Mood, anxiety, and substance abuse disorders are common and can be associated with physical and pain complaints. Somatic symptoms often are the core feature of the depressed patient who presents to a primary care physician. Somatoform disorders are a spectrum of psychiatric disorders in which physical complaints are driven or aggravated by psychological factors; somatizing patients have chronic problems, many of which are pain-related and involve recurrent physical symptoms, often in different bodily systems, that wax and wane over time. Physicians who evaluate patients with pain complaints must understand the complexity of the challenge, including the probability that pain complaints indicate underlying psychopathology.

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Evaluating Causation for the Opposite Upper Limb

Melhorn¹,

Talmage²,

Brooks³

et al. 2012

AMA Guides® Newsletter

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Workers’ compensation and personal injury claims often become embroiled in debates about the cause of the clinical presentation. When the primary claim involves an extremity, affected individuals sometimes report subsequent symptoms in the contralateral, previously “normal” limb and often attribute its onset to overuse while favoring the initially involved extremity; such an overuse hypothesis seems plausible, and perhaps intuitively obvious, to some. The concept that favoring one upper limb can result in injury to or illness in the other is not based on scientific evidence and instead is an unsupportable myth. Determining relationships between risk factors or exposures and medical conditions is a complex process that is outlined in the Guides to the Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation (Causation). A search on PubMed and MEDLARS using the key phrases “opposite uninjured arm” and “uninjured arm” returned only six relevant articles, and the authors report that claims of serious or persisting painful syndromes in the arm or hand opposite the injured one are seldom adequately supported by clinical evidence. Similarly, the literature does not support “favoring” as a reasonable cause for development of symptoms in the contralateral shoulder or elbow. Epidemiological studies can provide general information regarding risk; this information must be filtered by specific steps to assess causal association for a disorder and determine if the injury is work related. Findings then can be applied to the specific individual.

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Predictive Factors for Neck and Shoulder Pain: A Longitudinal Study in Young Adults

Abstract: In young adults, the incidence of neck and shoulder pain is high, and the associated factors of neck and shoulder pain are already multifactorial in a young population.

Cited by 152 publications

References 32 publications

Is insufficient quantity and quality of sleep a risk factor for neck, shoulder and low back pain? A longitudinal study among adolescents

Is insufficient quantity and quality of sleep a risk factor for neck, shoulder and low back pain? A longitudinal study among adolescents

Pain Disorders, Part II: Evaluating the Difficult Pain Patient

Evaluating Causation for the Opposite Upper Limb

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