Preformulation Studies and Characterization of Proposed Chondroprotective Agents: Glucosamine HCl and Chondroitin Sulfate

Ebube, Nkere K.; Mark, W Musch; Hahm, Huijeong

doi:10.1081/pdt-120015048

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The observed deformation characteristics (plastic flow) for all samples used may be due to the extreme hygroscopic and deliquescent nature of the extract. This is because earlier report had indicated that the deformation characteristics for all samples of the extremely hygroscopic and deliquescent chondroitin sulfate were by plastic flow 14 . The increase in slope at higher pressure indicates an increase in the rate of densification as the void spaces between particles decrease.…”

Section: Fig 1: Heckel Plots For Evg Compacts Produced Using Selectementioning

confidence: 86%

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2011

IJPSR

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The powdered leaf of Vernonia galamensis (Asteraceae) is a herbal drug used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in folk medicine in northern Nigeria. The crude aqueous extract of the leaves is deliquescent and usually stored in airtight desiccators. Efforts to use common diluents such as lactose, starch, and magnesium carbonate for tablet formulation of the extract produced tablets with defects such as "sticking" and "picking". The purpose of this study was to use the Heckel and Kawakita equations to investigate the compressibility of the granules of the deliquescent crude extract of Vernonia galamensis prepared using gelatin a universally accepted pharmaceutical binder and selected efflorescent pharmaceutical diluents namely; Aerosil ® 200, Avicel ® PH 103 and calcium phosphate. The Kawakita model provided an excellent fit having higher R 2 values than the Heckel model. The very low P K values of the Kawakita (indicating good fluidity) for all the different formulations made it preferable in explaining the compressibility of granules of the extract. The ranking for good compressibility based on the diluent type using gelatin as binder was as follows; calcium phosphate > aerosil ® 200 > Avicel ® PH 103. INTRODUCTION: In folk medicine, herbal drugs are usually prepared in form o extracts and solution by maceration, extraction and decoction techniques 1. Oral communication with traditional herbalists in northern Nigeria revealed the decoction of leaves of Vernonia galamensis (Asteraceae) have been used in folk medicine for ages in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The dry powdered leaves of Vernonia galamensis (Asteraceae) have been used by traditional herbalists in northern Nigeria for ages in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Folkloric medicines however, have neither standard dose nor acceptable method of formulation 1 .

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Section: Fig 1: Heckel Plots For Evg Compacts Produced Using Selectementioning

confidence: 86%