Preliminary Field Evaluation of a Nonintrusion Virus for Control of the Citrus Red Mite

Ecology of tetranychid mites and their natural enemies: A review: I. Tetranychid enemies: Their biological characters and the impact of spray practices

“…Some of the properties and the transmissibility of the virus were studied by Gilmore and Munger (1963,1965). Gilmore (1965) confirmed the presence of a naturallyoccurring epizootic in the field. Tashiro and Beavers (1966) indicated that under certain conditions, the virus exerts definite suppressive action against high populations of Panonychus citri.…”

Insect Viruses

“…Symptoms of paralysis have been observed in the red European mite Panonychus ulmi KOCH (STEINHAUS,1959) and in the red citrus mite Panonychus citri MCGREGOR (SMITH, HILLS, MUNGER and GIL-MORE, 1959). While transmission trials with the first virus remained negative, infection has been obtained with the second by spraying the mites or by introducing diseased individuals into healthy populations (GILMORE, 1965). P. citri has been shown to contain DNA (ESTES and FAUST, 1965).…”

“…Sprays of fresh suspensions or the introduction of contaminated acarians into the natural populations of that insect have lowered population levels (GILMORE, 1965). Sprays of fresh suspensions or the introduction of contaminated acarians into the natural populations of that insect have lowered population levels (GILMORE, 1965).…”

Controle de Tetranychus urticae Koch com fungos entomopatogênicos.

“…citri em condições naturais foi feita por Gilmore (1965), contudo os resultados foram inconclusivos, devido à ocorrência freqüente de epizootias naturais nas áreas tratadas. Alguns anos mais tarde, Shaw et al (1968a) conseguiram promover a infecção de ácaros em campo pela pulverização de suspensões de vírus nas concentrações de 0,01% (0,1 g de ácaros doentes/litro de água) e 0,1% (1g de ácaros doentes/litro de água), e também pela liberação de ácaros infectados nas plantas.…”