Preliminary Investigation on Systems for the Preventive Diagnosis of Faults on Agricultural Operating Machines

Cecchini, Massimo; Piccioni, Francesca; Ferri, Serena; Coltrinari, Gianluca; Bianchini, Leonardo; Colantoni, Andrea

doi:10.3390/s21041547

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Another aspect to be considered, according to Evans [24], is the type of material; according to Evans, polyamide seems to be stronger than polyester-consequently, the composition of the rope and the lanyard of the friction knot affects resistance. Such considerations have also been made by Borwick, as well as the loss of breaking strength due to the presence of knots [30][31][32]. A climber must also consider deterioration due to environmental factors such as water, UV rays, freezing, heat and particles embedded between the rope fibers [31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Strength of Ropes and Friction Hitch Used in Tree Climbing Work

Bianchini

Picchio

Colantoni

et al. 2021

Forests

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Tree climbing techniques for arboriculture are becoming more and more popular, but like any work activity, there are risks for the operator. The PPE (personal protective equipment) and protective systems studied here include semi-static ropes and friction hitches. The work rope/friction hitch system is a combination that many operators rely on, but unlike current mechanical rope clamps and descenders, they do not have European certifications. For this reason, tensile tests were carried out using a traction bench on rope/knot systems. Two rope models and two types of knots were used to stress the systems and materials as much as possible, so as to observe the resulting ratios. A total of 36 tests were carried out in which measurements were taken, including applied load in traction, knot creep, and rope diameter changes. Several results were obtained, including a maximum load of 18.7 kN, a maximum slip of 9.6 cm and a maximum diameter variation of 3 mm. This work represents a preliminary investigation for verifying the relationship between work ropes and friction knots. Relationships among the variables were observed; differences emerged mainly as a function of the type of knot used rather than the type of rope used. The data obtained is also important for applications towards improving preventative safety measures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Strength of Ropes and Friction Hitch Used in Tree Climbing Work

Bianchini

Picchio

Colantoni

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…Farmers and foresters are mostly interested in being informed about abnormalities in their everyday working process so that they can intervene as soon as possible. This can be gradually done with the use of intelligent AI software that uses the knowledge of the domain expert and the available data to define the characteristics of normal operation vs. faulty case [184,185]. Information fusion is going to be incredibly beneficial, since a faulty state is usually characterized by anomalous behavior on several data sources almost at the same time.…”

Section: Augmentation Explanation and Verification Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Transformation in Smart Farm and Forest Operations Needs Human-Centered AI: Challenges and Future Directions

Holzinger

Saranti

Angerschmid

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The main impetus for the global efforts toward the current digital transformation in almost all areas of our daily lives is due to the great successes of artificial intelligence (AI), and in particular, the workhorse of AI, statistical machine learning (ML). The intelligent analysis, modeling, and management of agricultural and forest ecosystems, and of the use and protection of soils, already play important roles in securing our planet for future generations and will become irreplaceable in the future. Technical solutions must encompass the entire agricultural and forestry value chain. The process of digital transformation is supported by cyber-physical systems enabled by advances in ML, the availability of big data and increasing computing power. For certain tasks, algorithms today achieve performances that exceed human levels. The challenge is to use multimodal information fusion, i.e., to integrate data from different sources (sensor data, images, *omics), and explain to an expert why a certain result was achieved. However, ML models often react to even small changes, and disturbances can have dramatic effects on their results. Therefore, the use of AI in areas that matter to human life (agriculture, forestry, climate, health, etc.) has led to an increased need for trustworthy AI with two main components: explainability and robustness. One step toward making AI more robust is to leverage expert knowledge. For example, a farmer/forester in the loop can often bring in experience and conceptual understanding to the AI pipeline—no AI can do this. Consequently, human-centered AI (HCAI) is a combination of “artificial intelligence” and “natural intelligence” to empower, amplify, and augment human performance, rather than replace people. To achieve practical success of HCAI in agriculture and forestry, this article identifies three important frontier research areas: (1) intelligent information fusion; (2) robotics and embodied intelligence; and (3) augmentation, explanation, and verification for trusted decision support. This goal will also require an agile, human-centered design approach for three generations (G). G1: Enabling easily realizable applications through immediate deployment of existing technology. G2: Medium-term modification of existing technology. G3: Advanced adaptation and evolution beyond state-of-the-art.

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“…The long lasting economic difficulties in Greece led to a recession in the building sector [31]. Together with these economic circumstances, the growing environmental awareness [119][120][121] created conditions that directly and indirectly influence the practice of adaptive reuse [122][123][124]. Since, however, adaptive reuse practices in Greece are currently under development, qualitative analysis was performed on a growing body of scholarly literature, in addition to reports, notes, benchmarks, from governmental bodies, and international agencies.…”

Section: Qualitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated SWOT-PESTLE-AHP Model Assessing Sustainability in Adaptive Reuse Projects

et al. 2021

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In the recent past, sustainable development has been considered a major issue for urban and regional studies. Adaptive reuse appears to be a practical solution for sustainable urban development. Beyond and in addition to a conceptual base consistent with circular economy and sustainability principles, how do we know if adaptive reuse is actually sustainable, provided that it constitutes a multidisciplinary and multilevel process? The present study aims at evaluating, in as much as feasible quantitative terms, adaptive reuse practices sustainability. This was attained using a set of indicators, developed combining PESTLE (the Political, Economic, Technical, Social, Legal, and Environmental aspects) and SWOT (the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) approaches, of which the results were subjected to evaluation by experts (pairwise comparisons), following the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The indicators representing strengths and opportunities of the process were calculated to be of higher value (overall level of final cumulative indicators values; 70.4%) compared with indicators representing weaknesses and threats. Enhancing strengths and opportunities and counteracting weaknesses and threats contribute making the potential of adaptive reuse practices in urban sustainability more evident. Among analysis dimensions, political and economic aspects rank first, followed by environmental, socio-cultural, technological-technical, and legal aspect. The empirical results of this paper serve as a useful reference point for decision-making and policy formulation addressing adaptive reuse practices in sustainable development strategies.

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Preliminary Investigation on Systems for the Preventive Diagnosis of Faults on Agricultural Operating Machines

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Tensile Strength of Ropes and Friction Hitch Used in Tree Climbing Work

Tensile Strength of Ropes and Friction Hitch Used in Tree Climbing Work

Digital Transformation in Smart Farm and Forest Operations Needs Human-Centered AI: Challenges and Future Directions

An Integrated SWOT-PESTLE-AHP Model Assessing Sustainability in Adaptive Reuse Projects

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