Preliminary studies on hydrothermal synthesis of zeolite from Malaysian kaolinite clays

Abdullahi, Tijjani; Harun, Zawati; Othman, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan; Yusof, Khairul Nazri; Rahmawati, Ainun; Yunos, Muhamad Zaini; Lajis, Mohd Amri; Yusof, Yusri

doi:10.11113/mjfas.v15n3.1213

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…At the beginning of the experiment, the kaolin precursor was activated at 850 °C temperature to produce metakaolin following Abdullahi, Harun [16]. The watermelon extract was prepared by cutting the melon peel into small size and then blend to get the extract.…”

Section: Methodology 21 Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesizing of Zeolite Particle Using Alkaline Plant Extract

Abdullahi¹,

Harun

Sazali

et al. 2021

EmAIT

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The study explored the hydrothermal synthesis of zeolite using kaolin clay precursor in the presence of three different solvents namely, garlic extract, watermelon extract and 2M NaOH solution, with the view of testing their efficacy and potency for green synthesis. Before the zeolitization, the kaolin precursor was activated at a temperature of 850°C to produce metakaolin. The crystallization was achieved in an oven at a temperature of 90°C for 12 hours. The final product is grounded to a fine powder and subsequently undergo testing and characterization via X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopes (FESEM) methods. The purity and grade of the synthesized products vary accordingly with the suitability of the reaction solvent. The synthesized product using a solvent of watermelon plant extract was able to produce zeolite LTA of a good grade. However, the presence of secondary phases informed the effect of the accompanied impurities that might originate from the kaolin precursor or the solvent. The result also portrays the possibility of obtaining a well crystalline zeolite from the Malaysian kaolin without using any structural directing agent or chemical solvents.

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Section: Methodology 21 Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesizing of Zeolite Particle Using Alkaline Plant Extract

Abdullahi¹,

Harun

Sazali

et al. 2021

EmAIT

Self Cite

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“…In Malaysia, the abundance of total clay reserves (around 900 million tons) discovered is potential to be utilized for zeolite synthesis, while their elemental composition varies depending on the geographical origin [109]. The raw Malaysian kaolin with a composition of 21.41 wt% Al 2 O 3 and 70.08 wt% of SiO 2 and the refined kaolin with a composition of 33.83 wt% Al 2 O 3 and 53.44 wt% of SiO 2 are both suitable materials to produce zeolites due to the high composition of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 [110].…”

Section: Kaolin Clay In Malaysiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous Materials as Catalyst Supports for Renewable Diesel Production in Malaysia

Chia

Nomanbhay²,

Chew³

et al. 2022

Energies

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High energy demand from the market due to the rapid increment of the human population worldwide has urged society to explore alternatives to replace non-renewable energy. Renewable diesel produced from biomass could be the next potential energy source for its high stability, long-term storage, and comparable performance with diesel fuels. In producing renewable diesel, the application of catalyst is essential, and the catalyst support is synthesized with the catalyst to enhance the reaction rate and catalytic properties. In this review, the type of catalyst support will be reviewed along with a brief introduction to biodiesel and renewable diesel production, especially focusing on zeolites as the catalyst support. The enhancement of catalyst support will be critically discussed to improve the catalytic performance of support in renewable diesel production and important aspects such as the stability and recyclability of the supported catalyst are included. The application of the supported catalyst in increasing the selectivity and yield of renewable diesel is significant, in which the catalytic properties depend on the interaction between catalyst and catalyst support. The supported catalyst as a favorable substance to assist in enhancing renewable diesel yield could lead to a sustainable and greener future for the biofuel industry in Malaysia.

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“…The crystallinity of the zeolite-Y increase with increasing the time at 2d of metakaolinite [20,33]. The only crystalline form in the metakaolin was quartz, as the thermal treatment during calcination does not affect quartz [22]. Synthesis of zeolite-Y depending on the SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio can be considered as a zeolite-Y if SiO2/Al2O3 up to 2 according to Equation 2 [7,39].…”

Section: Chemical and Mineralogical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metakaolinization offers a step towards increasing the reactivity of low-cost material to synthesize various zeolites. Metakaolinization has been discussed by several research studies, the variety of compositions of kaolin over the world mean that it is important to explore the metakaolinization of kaolin before its use in the synthesis of zeolites [22]. However, there is disagreement on the conditions required to produce metakaolin [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Zeolite-Y from natural clay of Wadi Hagul, Egypt

Bahgaat

Hassan²,

Melegy

et al. 2020

Egypt. J. Chem.

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Zeolites were synthesized from alternative cheap raw material as clay minerals which used as a common source for Al2O3 and SiO2 for synthesis zeolite-Y. Synthetic zeolite-Y has many characteristics, high purity and larger cavities that distinguish it from its counterparts. This study concerned with evaluation of the viability of producing low-silica zeolite through the process of hydrothermal calcination (metakaolinization) of raw material (kaolin) from Wadi Hagul, Egypt at 800 o C for 6 h. Metakaolinite was synthesized under hydrothermal treatment with 1.0 M NaOH solution without additional any catalysts as silica source at 90 o C/2d under atmospheric pressure. Zeolite Na-Y of molar ratio of 2.23 was achieved. The Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) test showed an impressive value of 401.09 meq/ 100 g clay for prepared zeolite-Y. The raw kaolin, metakaolin and zeolite were characterized by XRF, XRD and SEM. The results confirmed that Zeolite was successfully produced from the raw material extracted from Wadi Hagul with an ideal percentage which approximately equal to 100% of the raw material used. The synthetic zeolite-y can be applied for remediation of wastewater and polluted soil.

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Preliminary studies on hydrothermal synthesis of zeolite from Malaysian kaolinite clays

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Synthesizing of Zeolite Particle Using Alkaline Plant Extract

Synthesizing of Zeolite Particle Using Alkaline Plant Extract

Indigenous Materials as Catalyst Supports for Renewable Diesel Production in Malaysia

Synthesis and Characterization of Zeolite-Y from natural clay of Wadi Hagul, Egypt

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