Preliminary studies on the toxicity and metabolism of palladium and platinum.

Abstract

Preliminary data are given on the LD50 of PdCl2 following different routes of exposure and on the LD50 of PtCl4 following intravenous exposure. The retention, tissue distribution, and excretion of 103Pd and 191Pt in rats was determined following oral, intravenous, intratracheal, and inhalation exposure. The highest retention for both 103Pd and 191Pt was obtained following intravenous dosing, and the lowest retention occurred after oral dosing. Following a single oral dose, almost all of the 103Pd and 191Pt was excreted in the feces due to nonabsorption, whereas after intravenous dosing, similar quantities were excreted in both the urine and feces. Tissues containing the highest concentrations of these metals were the kidney, spleen and liver. Following intravenous dosing of pregnant rats, a small amount of 103Pd and 191Pt was found in the fetuses.

Tissue Organ Distribution and Behavioral Effects of Platinum Following Acute and Repeated Exposure of the Mouse to Platinum Sulfate

“…In animal studies, it has been observed that orally administered PtC14 is poorly absorbed (less than 0.5%) (9,10). Of the absorbed Pt, between 50 and 70%o Pt is excreted via the urinary route; the remainder via the fecal route (9)(10)(11).…”

“…In animal studies, it has been observed that orally administered PtC14 is poorly absorbed (less than 0.5%) (9,10). Of the absorbed Pt, between 50 and 70%o Pt is excreted via the urinary route; the remainder via the fecal route (9)(10)(11). Via the intravenous route of administration, the highest levels of Pt are found in the kidney, spleen, and liver, and elimination half-times of the order of 2.5 to 7.5 days are observed (8)(9)(10)(11).…”

“…Of the absorbed Pt, between 50 and 70%o Pt is excreted via the urinary route; the remainder via the fecal route (9)(10)(11). Via the intravenous route of administration, the highest levels of Pt are found in the kidney, spleen, and liver, and elimination half-times of the order of 2.5 to 7.5 days are observed (8)(9)(10)(11). These retention/elimination characteristics appear to be similar to those of cisdichlorodiamineplatinum(II) in humans (12).…”

Cardiotoxicity of Palladium Compounds / Kardiotoksičnost Jedinjenja Paladijuma

“…Studies of the distribution of palladium compounds in the tissues of rats, rabbits and dogs after intravenous or intratracheal administration indicated the highest percentage of retention in the kidneys and liver (8-21% of applied dosage), lymphatic nodes, adrenal glands, lungs and bones (37)(38)(39)(40). Also, the retention period in some of the organs was up to 104 days long (37,38).…”

Elaboração de valores de referência urinários para elementos químicos essenciais e não essenciais em crianças brasileiras

“…Devido ao seu elevado calor específico, esse elemento é usado em aplicações Uma vez em contato com a Pt, seja por ingestão ou inalação da forma metálica ou dos sais insolúveis, apenas uma pequena quantidade é absorvida, acumulando-se principalmente nos rins e sendo excretada pela urina (MOORE et al, 1975).…”