Premedication for Ketamine Anesthesia

Neil, Albert A. O; Winnie, Alon P.; Zadigian, Martin E.; Collins, Vincent J.

doi:10.1213/00000539-197205000-00032

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International Journal Of Transpersonal Studies 921

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2014

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“…is close to 40% in many studies (Abajian et al, 1973;Hervey & Hustead, 1972;Khorramzadeh & Lofty, 1973;Krestow, 1974;O'Neil, Winnie, Zadigian, & Collins, 1972;Overton, 1975;Sadove, Shulman, & Fevgold, 1971). One study even reported a 100% incidence range of emergence phenomenon (Garfield, Garfield, Stone, Hopkins, & Johns, 1972).…”

Section: International Journal Of Transpersonal Studies 92mentioning

confidence: 54%

Ketamine Psychedelic Psychotherapy: Focus on its Pharmacology, Phenomenology, and Clinical Applications

Kolp¹,

Friedman²,

Krupitsky³

et al. 2014

IJTS

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Meant to be an authoritative guide for psychiatrists and others interested in understanding and applying ketamine psychedelic psychotherapy (KPP), this paper focuses on its pharmacology, phenomenology, and clinical applications. Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic widely used by physicians and veterinarians in the United States. In addition to its anesthetic and dissociative properties, ketamine also has a multitude of other psychological and pharmacological properties, which include analgesic, sedative, neuroprotective, anxiolytic, antidepressant, stimulant, euphoriant, and hallucinogenic effects. The literature on the clinical application of KPP is comprehensively reviewed, practical advice for using KPP is given, and the pharmacology and phenomenology of ketamine-induced psychedelic experiences are explored, including in relationship to transpersonal healing and possible iatrogenic consequences of misuse of KPP.

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