Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study of HEA-enriched Cordyceps Cicadae Mycelia in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Background: Cordyceps cicadae (C. cicadae) has been used in traditional medicine and is presently being developed for therapeutic purposes and dietary supplements. One of its effective bioactive ingredients is N

Cordyceps cicadae mycelia and its active compound HEA exert beneficial effects on blood glucose in type 2 diabetic db/db mice

“…Aside from its efficacy, the safety of C. cicadae mycelia is also of primary importance. Numerous studies have shown that C. cicadae mycelia is safe to use for ethnomedicinal and culinary purposes . In the 90‐day subchronic toxicity study, the no‐observed‐adverse‐effect level of C. cicadae mycelia was estimated to be greater than 2 g kg −1 body weight in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats .…”

Lowering the Intraocular Pressure in Rats and Rabbits by Cordyceps cicadae Extract and Its Active Compounds

“…Treatment with HEA (20 and 40 mg/kg) for six weeks reduced blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic rats [ 9 ]. The safety of C. cicadae mycelium has been evaluated in rat, rabbit, pig, and mouse models, as well as humans [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Safety assessment of HEA‐enriched Cordyceps cicadae mycelia on the central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular system, and respiratory system in ICR male mice

“…The C. cicadae mycelia are parasitic toward specific hosts, such as Cicada flammata Distant, Platypleura kaempferi Fabricius, Crytotympana pustulata Fabricious, Platylomia pieli Kato, and Oncotympana maculatieollis Motsch (Zeng et al., 2014 ). The cicadae flower has been used as traditional Chinese medicine (not only in China but also in Japan and Taiwan) for at least 1,600 years to treat fatigue, night perspiration, fever, childish convulsion, palpitation, epilepsy, and many eye diseases (Kuo et al., 2002 ; Li et al., 2017 ).…”

“…HEA is an adenosine derivative; it is associated with control of the brain and coronary circulation and has anti‐inflammatory activity (Deng et al., 2020 ; Lu et al., 2015 ). Also, HEA has also been reported to have sedative–hypnotic activity (Chen et al., 2015 ; Li et al., 2017 ). The yield of C. cicadae collected in the field is low and unstable and easily contaminated with soil mold before drying.…”

“…Thus, a safety evaluation is required. We have previously conducted safety assessments including 90‐day subchronic toxicity (2000 mg/kg bw) (Chen et al., 2015), genotoxicity study, 28‐day subacute toxicity study in LY pig (Jhou et al., 2016), prenatal developmental toxicity study (Li et al., 2017), and acute toxicity study (Lin et al., 2017), and no toxic symptoms have been observed.…”