Preoperative bathing or showering with skin antiseptics to prevent surgical site infection

Webster, Joan; Osborne, Sonya

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004985.pub2

Cited by 117 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It has not been used widely or studied rigorously in community settings, although it is often recommended by decolonization protocols for patients with recurrent MRSA infections. It is also commonly used for preoperative bathing for surgical procedures, although a systematic review of randomized trials in the literature in 2006 showed no decrease in surgical-site infections in the hospital after preoperative antiseptic bathing; all six trials compared CHG with no intervention or bar soap (985).…”

Section: Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Mrsa Decolonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

2010

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SUMMARY Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs), endovascular infections, pneumonia, septic arthritis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, foreign-body infections, and sepsis. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were once confined largely to hospitals, other health care environments, and patients frequenting these facilities. Since the mid-1990s, however, there has been an explosion in the number of MRSA infections reported in populations lacking risk factors for exposure to the health care system. This increase in the incidence of MRSA infection has been associated with the recognition of new MRSA clones known as community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). CA-MRSA strains differ from the older, health care-associated MRSA strains; they infect a different group of patients, they cause different clinical syndromes, they differ in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, they spread rapidly among healthy people in the community, and they frequently cause infections in health care environments as well. This review details what is known about the epidemiology of CA-MRSA strains and the clinical spectrum of infectious syndromes associated with them that ranges from a commensal state to severe, overwhelming infection. It also addresses the therapy of these infections and strategies for their prevention.

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Section: Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Mrsa Decolonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

2010

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“…A Cochrane review evaluated the evidence for preoperative bathing or showering with antiseptics for SSI prevention. 174 Six randomized controlled trials evaluating the use of 4% chlorhexidine gluconate were included in the analysis, with no clear evidence of benefit noted. It should be noted that several of these studies had methodological limitations and were conducted several years ago.…”

Section: Section 4 : Recommended Strategies For Ssi Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Prevent Surgical Site Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update

Anderson

Podgorny

Berríos-Torres

et al. 2014

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

822

447

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PURPOSE Previously published guidelines are available that provide comprehensive recommendations for detecting and preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format designed to assist acute care hospitals in implementing and prioritizing their surgical site infection (SSI) prevention efforts. This document updates “Strategies to Prevent Surgical Site Infections in Acute Care Hospitals,”1 published in 2008. This expert guidance document is sponsored by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and is the product of a collaborative effort led by SHEA, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise. The list of endorsing and supporting organizations is presented in the introduction to the 2014 updates.2

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“…Chlorhexidine works by disrupting bacterial cell membranes and it has more sustained antimicrobial activity than other local antimicrobials because its resistance to neutralization by blood products than the iodophors (Veiga 2009; World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and Research 2010). There is one report showing the effect of chlorhexidine pretreatment compared with regular-soap and no shower in reducing the bacterial contamination in breast reconstruction or liposuction (Webster and Osborne 2006). However, unlike our study, this study only identified and compared bacteria CFU after respective pretreatments without including pre-sterilization and intraoperative bacterial CFU.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chlorhexidine pretreatment on bacterial contamination at rhinoplasty field

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThis study investigated on bacterial contamination of the rhinoplasty field. The effect of preoperative chlorhexidine treatment on decreasing bacterial contamination in the rhinoplasty field is examined. MethodsThirty patients who underwent rhinoplasty were block randomized into a chlorhexidine, regular-soap, or control group comprising ten participants each. The chlorhexidine group was subjected to chlorhexidine showering, shampooing, and facial-cleansing 12 h prior to the operation. The regular-soap group was subjected to cleansing with regular soap, and the control group did not have any skin pretreatment. Bacterial cultures were done 12 h preoperatively from nasal cavity and perinasal skin, immediately preoperatively from perinasal skin and at 1 and 2 h intraoperatively from operation field. Culture results were compared between the three groups, according to operation time, or whether infection-prone procedure was performed.ResultsThe bacterial species and colony-forming unit numbers at preoperative nasal cavity and perinasal skin were similar. In all three groups, Coagulase-negative staphylococcus was the most common bacteria found in the rhinoplasty field. The numbers of Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium decreased rapidly after preoperative chlorhexidine treatment. The infection-prone procedure was associated with increased bacterial numbers over time during the operation. In all three groups, there was no postoperative infection in a follow-up period of 6 months.ConclusionRhinoplasty is confirmed as a clean contaminated operation with skin flora consistently found in the operation field. Chlorhexidine pretreatment in rhinoplasty patients has a tendency to decrease the numbers of Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium on the perinasal skin.Level of evidenceRandomized controlled trial, Level I.

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Preoperative bathing or showering with skin antiseptics to prevent surgical site infection

Cited by 117 publications

References 26 publications

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

Strategies to Prevent Surgical Site Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update

Effect of chlorhexidine pretreatment on bacterial contamination at rhinoplasty field

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