Preoptic and hypothalamic neurons and the initiation of locomotion in the anesthetized rat

Sinnamon, Harry M.

doi:10.1016/0301-0082(93)90003-b

Cited by 132 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…As previously shown, PPN neurons receive rich projection from basal ganglia nuclei 12,14 , but also from many midbrain and medullary sensory-motor nuclei as well as from motor cortex. This innervation pattern is in accordance with a role of glutamatergic PPN neurons for exploratory locomotor behaviour under the motor action selection of the basal ganglia 30,31,32,33,34,7 . The strong connection from the basal ganglia also suggests that dysregulation of glutamatergic neurons in PPN may play important roles in Parkinson’s disease related locomotor disability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Midbrain circuits that set locomotor speed and gait selection

Caggiano¹,

Leiras²,

Goñi-Erro³

et al. 2018

Nature

365

511

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Summary Locomotion is a fundamental motor function common to the animal kingdom. It is executed episodically and adapted to behavioural needs including exploration, requiring slow locomotion, and escaping behaviour, necessitating faster speeds. The control of these functions originates in brainstem structures although the neuronal substrate(s) supporting them are debated. Here, we show in mice that speed/gait selection are controlled by glutamatergic excitatory neurons (GlutNs) segregated in two distinct midbrain nuclei: the Cuneiform Nucleus (CnF) and the Pedunculopontine Nucleus (PPN). GlutNs in each of those two regions are sufficient for controlling slower alternating locomotor behavior but only GlutNs in the CnF are necessary for high-speed synchronous locomotion. Additionally, PPN- and CnF-GlutNs activation dynamics and their input and output connectivity matrices support explorative and escape locomotion, respectively. Our results identify dual regions in the midbrain that act in common to select context dependent locomotor behaviours.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Midbrain circuits that set locomotor speed and gait selection

Caggiano¹,

Leiras²,

Goñi-Erro³

et al. 2018

Nature

365

511

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“…In particular, the mPOA receives, directly or indirectly, inputs from most if not all sensory modalities and is therefore ideally organized to integrate information from the environment and adjust responses made by the organism to environmental inputs [43,44,80,94,100,123,126,130,135]. The mPOA, in general, is a key center controlling many autonomic functions (e.g.…”

Section: The Preoptic Area As An Integration Center For the Control Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography in the preoptic region: Differential regulation of appetitive and consummatory male sexual behaviors

Balthazart

Ball

2007

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

193

168

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Several studies have suggested dissociations between neural circuits underlying the expression of appetitive (i.e. sexual motivation) and consummatory components (i.e., copulatory behavior) of vertebrate male sexual behavior. The medial preoptic area (mPOA) clearly controls the expression of male copulation but, according to a number of experiments, is not necessarily implicated in the expression of appetitive sexual behavior. In rats for example, lesions to the mPOA eliminate maletypical copulatory behavior but have more subtle or no obvious effects on measures of sexual motivation. Rats with such lesions still pursue and attempt to mount females. They also acquire and perform learned instrumental responses to gain access to females. However, recent lesions studies and measures of the expression of the immediate early gene c-fos demonstrate that, in quail, subregions of the mPOA, in particular of its sexually dimorphic component the medial preoptic nucleus, can be specifically linked with either the expression of appetitive or consummatory sexual behavior. In particular more rostral regions can be linked to appetitive components while more caudal regions are involved in consummatory behavior. This functional sub-region variation is associated with neurochemical and hodological specializations (i.e. differences in chemical phenotype of the cells or in their connectivity), especially those related to the actions of androgens in relation to the activation of male sexual behavior, that are also present in rodents and other species. It could thus reflect general principles about POA organization and function in the vertebrate brain.

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“…Locomotion is mostly enabled by a ventral part of the basal ganglia, through the nucleus accumbens, by a pallidal projection to the MLR (Sinnamon, 1993). However, goal-directed locomotor activity requires non-limbic systems.…”

Section: How Does the Forebrain Initiate Integrate And Select Locomomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Locomotion has been considered as a type of emotional motor behavior triggered by signals from the limbic-hypothalamic system to the brainstem (Sinnamon, 1993).…”

Section: Introduction: Framework Of Locomotor Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Forebrain control of locomotor behaviors

Takakusaki

2008

Brain Research Reviews

133

120

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Activation of different areas in the forebrain evokes different types of goal directed adaptive behaviors. An important component of these different patterns of behavior is the locomotion that brings the animal to or away from a particular location.Here I review the role of projections from forebrain structures to the mesopontine tegmentum of the brainstem where neural mechanisms for initiation of locomotion and regulation of postural muscle tone are located that are activated during locomotor behavior. It is interesting is to understand how signals that converge from the forebrain structures to the mesopontine tegmentum control locomotor behavior, because the mesopontine tegmentum receives inhibitory efferents from the basal ganglia and excitatory efferents from the limbic-hypothalamic system and the neocortex. Here I hypothesize that the mesopontine tegmentum has functional gating mechanisms that determine whether the subject will initiate and select volitionally-guided or emotionally-triggered locomotor behaviors, depending on the behavioral context.

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Preoptic and hypothalamic neurons and the initiation of locomotion in the anesthetized rat

Cited by 132 publications

References 114 publications

Midbrain circuits that set locomotor speed and gait selection

Midbrain circuits that set locomotor speed and gait selection

Topography in the preoptic region: Differential regulation of appetitive and consummatory male sexual behaviors

Forebrain control of locomotor behaviors

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