Preparation and gas sensing properties of Langmuir–Blodgett thin films of calix[n]arenes: Investigation of cavity effect

Conductivity Comparison of Calix[8]arene-MWCNTs Through Spin Coating Technique

“…Similar isotherm graphs were observed by others (Çapan et al 2010;Razali et al 2015b). Flexures at around 40 mN/m in C[8]1 isotherm, is similar as reported in others (Davis et al 1996;Ozmen et al 2014). The increment of surface tension stimulated change in molecules conformation and caused certain molecules to slip out from the monolayer, thus result in the flexure formation (Ozmen et al 2014).…”

“…Flexures at around 40 mN/m in C[8]1 isotherm, is similar as reported in others (Davis et al 1996;Ozmen et al 2014). The increment of surface tension stimulated change in molecules conformation and caused certain molecules to slip out from the monolayer, thus result in the flexure formation (Ozmen et al 2014). The limiting area per molecule shown in Table 1 were determined by extrapolating the steepest linear part of the curves in the solid phase.…”

A nanostructural model of ethanol adsorption in thin calixarene films

“…A multitude of opportunities for preparation of sensitive layers with predictable chemical functionality opens up by the use of supramolecular structures containing relatively large molecular cavities (macrocyclic oligomers) capable of forming inclusion compounds, that is, to participate in "guesthost" type interactions [26,27]. For instance, the bulk-porous calixarene-based sorbents possess characteristic caliciform shape of the base material molecules, and stable solid state structure [28,29] that can be optimized according to criteria of stereochemical compatibility with the analyte molecules.…”

Langmuir–Blodgett thin film for chloroform detection

“…Calix [n]arenes are known to be excellent Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett film forming materials and they are used as specific ligands for analytical chemistry, sensor techniques, and medical diagnostics, since a number of synthesis methods allow flexible variation of their ring size, they can be functionalized with a wide range of functional groups, and have structural characteristics such as high porosity and good chemical stability [2]. Chemical sensors based on relatively low cost synthesis calixarenes and calixresorcinarenes were designed to detect various inorganic gases [3], explosive vapours [4] and volatile organic compounds (VOC's) [5,6] because of their flexible structure, as well as their wide range of physical and chemical properties that can be tailored by changing their compositions.…”

“…Because of the sensitivity of calixarenes to organic vapours and their excellent LB film forming ability, we have investigated in depth the use of these materials to sense VOCs. Previous work has demonstrated sensitivity of calixresorcinarene films to BTEX gases [5] and a range of common organic solvents [6,7]. A number of other authors have also carried out studies on these systems, for example SPR could be used to measure the adsorption of a range of organic compounds onto calixarene thin films [8].…”