Preparation and in vitro characterization of biomorphic silk fibroin scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

In bone tissue engineering, a qualified scaffold should provide a three-dimensional porous structure mimicking the extracellular matrix of bone except good biological properties. In this study, biomorphic silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds were fabricated from cane by an innovative biotemplating-negative mold process. The physicochemical properties, in vitro enzymatic degradation behavior and biocompatibility of the biomorphic SF scaffolds were investigated. The results showed that the scaffolds well inherited the original porous morphology of cane, and possessed good mechanical stability. The scaffolds had a compressive modulus of 1.56 ± 0.08 MPa and a porosity of 82.73%, and exhibited a bimodal pore size distribution (15 and 172 μm). The degradation ratio of the SF scaffolds increased with prolonging degradation time and reached 29% within 21 days when exposed to 1.0 U/mL collagenase IA. The in vitro cytocompatibility evaluation indicated that the scaffolds could support cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells, as assessed by SEM, fluorescent staining, MTT, and ALP activity assays. The results indicated the potential of biomorphic SF scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Enhance the biocompatibility and osseointegration of polyethylene terephthalate ligament by plasma spraying with hydroxyapatite in vitro and in vivo

“…It enhances absorption of the cartilage and participates in initiating osteogenesis within the cartilage by promoting angiogenesis, thus acting as an important regulator during both early and late stages of endochondral ossification. 44 OCN, also known as bone Gla protein, is a noncollagenous matrix protein found in the bone and dentin, has been postulated to play roles in bone formation and remodeling. 45 Boskey et al 46 investigated the bone in OCN-deficient mice by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopic analysis and proved that OCN is required to stimulate bone mineral maturation.…”

Regeneration of rabbit calvarial defects using cells-implanted nano-hydroxyapatite coated silk scaffolds

“…Silk fibroin scaffolds have been demonstrated to be mechanically robust in previous studies [ 23 , 24 ]. In the present study, the grafted volumes were well maintained in all of the experimental groups which had led to new bone formation occurring from the periphery of the defects.…”

Enhancement of osseointegration of polyethylene terephthalate artificial ligament by coating of silk fibroin and depositing of hydroxyapatite

“…Silk fibroin was prepared by the degumming and dissolving of Bombyx mori silkworm silk according to established procedures, 27 during which time the silk cocoon was treated with 5% (w/w) Na 2 CO 3 boiling solution for 45 minutes to remove sericin; the degummed silk was then dissolved in 9.3 mol/L LiBr aqueous solution. After being filtered, the SF solution was dialyzed against deionized water for 72 hours at room temperature with a 12,000-14,000 molecular weight cutoff dialysis membrane to remove the salt.…”