Preparation and osteogenic properties of magnesium calcium phosphate biocement scaffolds for bone regeneration

Abstract

The regenerative treatment of large osseous defects remains a formidable challenge in today. In the present study, we have synthesized biodegradable magnesium calcium phosphate biocement (MCPB) scaffolds with interconnected macroporous structure (100-600 µm), as well as good bioactivity, biocompatibility and proper degradatibility. The results revealed that the porosity increased from 52% to 80% of MCPB scaffolds while the compressive strength decreased from 6.1 MPa to 1.2 MPa. We further assessed the effects of scaffolds on the rabbit femur cavity defect model in vivo by using synchrotron radiation X-ray microCT and microCT imaging, indicating that the MCPB scaffolds underwent gradually degradation and promoted the extensive neo-bone formation.KEYWORDS: Computerized Tomography (CT) and Computed Radiography (CR); Medical-image reconstruction methods and algorithms, computer-aided so; X-ray radiography and digital radiography (DR)

In-Vivo Degradation Behavior and Osseointegration of 3D Powder-Printed Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Scaffolds

“…Although Mg225d showed less volume degradation than Mg225 and TCP by week 6, an increasing and complete degradation of both CMPC scaffolds over time is nevertheless likely according to the existing literature. Li et al [ 71 ] investigated CMPC scaffolds made of pastes in vivo in the distal rabbit femur and observed a complete degradation of the material and regeneration of bone tissue over 6 months, with the largest bone growth observed between months 1 and 3. The fact that after 6 months no scaffold material could be detected allows the conclusion that possible follow-up studies of the present pilot study do not need to extend beyond 6 months.…”

Bone defect animal models for testing efficacy of bone substitute biomaterials

“…Distal femur defect rabbit model has commonly been used to test substitute biomaterials by a variety of researchers [59] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] , [68] . Although distal femur is not the commonly observed location of osteonecrosis in clinic, distal femur defects are frequently observed after the removal of malignant bone tumours [69] and total knee replacement [70] , [71] , [72] .…”

Development of Mg-containing porous β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds for bone repair

“…Therefore it is well recognized by body and biocompatible according to all current standards. CaP ceramics and related compounds represent the most important class of biomaterials for bone regeneration [1][2][3][4][5][6]. β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP, Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) is one of calcium phosphate-based bioceramic used as bone replacement material due its close chemical similarity to biological apatite.…”

“…Incorporation of such ions into the CaP structure is important for a number of reasons; including better understanding of biomineralization processes, increase in bioactivity of the materials, and ion delivery able to act on bone diseases [4]. The substitutions have influence on physical, chemical, and physiological properties of the solid and consequently on mineralization, demineralization, and remineralization process of calcified tissues [5,6]. The effect of bioactive ions (Ca, Mg, Sr, Si etc.)…”