Preparation, identification and molecular docking study of novel osteoblast proliferation-promoting peptides from yak (Bos grunniens) bones

Abstract

A new perspective for research on functional active components investigation and action mechanism of yak bones.

Yak (Bos grunniens) bones collagen‐derived peptides stimulate osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation via the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway

“…Nine peptides were selected for synthesis due to their high abundance, the selection standard of scores more than 48 and potential osteoblast proliferation‐promoting properties (Table S1). These nine peptides are in the size of 7–18 amino acids, molecular masses of less than 2000 Da (from 710 Da to 1605 Da). The amino acid composition and sequences affect the peptides bioactivity .…”

“…The fraction with the highest osteoblast proliferation‐promoting activity was measured before the amino acid sequence of the purified peptides was analyzed. Peptides sequences were determined based on the MS/MS spectra and Swiss‐Prot database search, which was performed using a Mascot 2.4 search engine (Matrix Science, Boston, MA, USA) …”

“…To determine which transport pathway was involved in the transepithelial transport of GP‐12 through the intestinal epithelium, Caco‐2 cell monolayers were preincubated for 0.5 h before transport experiment with a range of inhibitors (wortmannin, cytochalasin D and Gly‐Sar). Quantification of GP‐12 on the apical side (AP) and basolateral side (BL) was analyzed by RP‐HPLC with the Agilent Zorbax SB‐C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm, Agilent Technologies lnc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) as previous description …”

“…MC3T3‐E1 cells were cultured according to the method described by Ye et al . For the proliferation and survival assays, 200 μL of cell mediums were seeded into 96‐well plates, and the assays were conducted three times at each concentration (0, 0.02, and 0.05 mg mL −1 GP‐12).…”

“…Several studies have been published concerning the bioactivity of peptides (i.e., from lactoferrin and collagen) stimulating the proliferation of osteoblasts and serving as bone‐growth factors, which counteract osteoporosis . Peptides from yak‐bone collagen were proposed as probable key functional bioactive ingredients during human bone‐health improvement . However, it is necessary that bioactive peptides remain intact during gastrointestinal digestion before reaching their target sites if they are to accomplish their physiological effects.…”