Abstract:A sulfonated activated carbon fiber catalyst (SACF) was prepared through c-irradiation-induced grafting of styrene onto the surface of activated carbon fiber (ACF) with an irradiation dose of 0.837 kGy/h for 48 h that was then sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid under mild reaction conditions. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that the ACF was wrapped by a thin layer of copolymer, and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that sulfonic acid groups were successfully introduced … Show more
“…The flat bands in 1063~1122 cm -1 range correspond to the peak at 1117 cm -1 in the IR spectrum of p-MWCNTs. Two new characteristic peaks at 1182 and 1043 cm -1 can be assigned to the -SO 3 H groups asymmetric and symmetric vibrational absorption [15,21]. These new representive absorption peaks indicate that sulfonic acid groups were successfully grafted onto the surface of MWCNTs by this method.…”
Section: Measurement Of Colloids Stability Of Mwcntsmentioning
“…The flat bands in 1063~1122 cm -1 range correspond to the peak at 1117 cm -1 in the IR spectrum of p-MWCNTs. Two new characteristic peaks at 1182 and 1043 cm -1 can be assigned to the -SO 3 H groups asymmetric and symmetric vibrational absorption [15,21]. These new representive absorption peaks indicate that sulfonic acid groups were successfully grafted onto the surface of MWCNTs by this method.…”
Section: Measurement Of Colloids Stability Of Mwcntsmentioning
“…presents the comparison between suphonated activated carbon-based catalysts and the catalyst produced in the present study. Li et al47 reported a low biodiesel conversion percentage of 75% with high catalyst loading (20 wt%) under high reaction temperature (80 C) at 3 h. The FAME yield was inuenced by the reaction conditions, as stated by Bureros et al48 A typical rise in biodiesel yield (93%) when the time was increased to 24 h was demonstrated. However, the catalytic activity of cacao shellderived solid acid catalyst declined aer four consecutive runs.Huang et al49 identied a 95.4% conversion rate at a high reaction time of 7 h. By contrast, the present study achieved a 96% conversion rate in less than 2-3 h. The catalytic activity of the pyrolyzed lignin sulphonated catalyst declined aer ve cycles probably because of the leaching of the -SO 3 H groups linked with relatively unstable aliphatic groups.…”
The acidic EFB was doped with magnetic oxides to produce sulphonated nanomagnetic catalysts for biodiesel production from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD).
“…To analyze the acid functional groups (-SO 3 H) impregnated on carbon surface, the vibration bands at about 1100-1200 cm −1 are usually detected by FTIR [24][25][26][27]. This -SO 3 H functional group was quantified by the ionexchanged titration method, resulting in 5.5 mol H + g −1 .…”
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