Preparation of Biodegradable and Low-Cost Lignin-Based PVOH Carbon Fibers Prepared by Electrospinning

Abstract

A polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH)/lignin nanofiber was prepared by the electrospinning method as a precursor for biodegradable and low-cost carbon fibers. PVOH 15% was dissolved in water, and various concentration of lignin (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25%) was added. The presence of lignin in PVOH solution increased the viscosity and conductivity. From SEM analysis, PVOH solution produced smooth fiber, whereas the addition of lignin produced fibers in bead forms. The presence of lignin above 20% in PVOH did not produce spun-fiber. FTIR analysis confirmed that lignin was able to form hydrogen bonds with PVOH. TGA analysis showed that PVOH/lignin nanofibers had the highest residual mass, i.e., 40% at 600 °C. The morphology of the carbon fibers showed flake forms with many pores and had 58.07% carbon content.

Acetylated lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunches and its electrospun nanofibres with PVA: Potential carbon fibre precursor

“…Therefore, lignin has the potential for cutting-edge applications and improving the overall economy of the relevant industry, particularly those that are related to the carbon fibre materials [ 5 ]. Lignin has been extensively researched for its potential as an alternative precursor to PAN over the past 10 years [ [6] , [7] , [8] ]. Due to its wide availability, carbon-building chemical structure, low-level pollution, and high carbon content, lignin has been regarded as a potential low-cost alternative and the most promising sustainable precursor for the carbon fibre [ 9 ].…”