Preparation of Heteroatom‐Doped Carbon Materials and Applications in Selective Hydrogenation

Abstract

Heteroatom‐doping of carbon materials has gained much attention recent decades since it was believed to be a brilliant strategy to endow carbon with enhanced physical and chemical properties. In addition, the doped carbon has been frequently employed in various fields such as supercapacitors, batteries, catalytic hydrogenation reactions due to its unique structure and superior features, among which selective hydrogenation is an essential procedure during organic synthesis and has wide industrial applications. It is proved that the incorporation of heteroatoms could have a great effect on the original carbon, such as charge distribution and surface defects, which could further influence the electronic effect and physical interaction between carbon carrier and supported metal, thereby enhance its catalytic performance in hydrogenation reactions. Herein, we briefly reviewed recent progress in the effect of heteroatoms on carbon properties. Meanwhile, the synthesis strategies of doped‐carbon and the application of these catalysts in series of hydrogenation reactions were also summarized.

B, P, and S heteroatom doped, bio- and hemo-compatible 2D graphitic-carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with antioxidant, light-induced antibacterial, and bioimaging endeavors

“…The 2D sheet structure of g-C 3 N 4 was also seen from TEM images in figure 1(b). The 2D g-C 3 N 4 structures in figure 1(a) are depicted in heptazinebased structures that can be readily doped with heteroatoms such as B, P, and S. The most commonly used doping elements are phosphorus (P), boron (B), and sulfur (S) which are neighboring atoms of carbon (C) in the periodic chart and have frequently been employed in the doping of various types of carbon based materials to render additional useful properties for a wider range of applications [45][46][47]. The introduction of heteroatoms into the structures of nanomaterials to promote the optical properties aims a key parameter for the efficacy that is associated with the electronic band structure of the material [48].…”

Structural engineering of catalysts for ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate: recent advances and challenges

“…Doping is considered to be an important approach to optimize the electronic structure of catalysts, thus improving catalytic performance. [99][100][101][102][103][104][105] The different electronegativity among elements induces electron transfer and shifts the Fermi energy level of the catalysts, which is crucial for intrinsic activity. Besides, the crystal structure of the catalyst is destroyed once the intrinsic atoms are substituted by heteroatoms.…”

Copper oxides supported sulfur-doped porous carbon material as a remarkable catalyst for reduction of aromatic nitro compounds

“…Thus, it is critical to use a sensible design and the right synthesis method to produce heteroatom-doped porous carbon/metal oxide-based catalysts with two essential characteristics: a regular porous structure and a large specific surface area 9 , 27 – 33 . Since they combine metal ions (or metal categories) with organic linkers, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), also known as porous coordination and polymers (PCPs), have garnered a lot of attention.…”