“…Combining magnetic stimulation with other stimuli, such as light, [96] electricity, [97] temperature, [98] pH, [99] and redox, [100] MHs will become more intelligent and versatile.…”
Hydrogel is one of the hottest biomaterials in recent years. Especially, magnetic hydrogels (MHs) prepared by combining unique magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with hydrogels have attracted wide attention due to their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical properties, absorbability and rich magnetic properties (magnetocaloric, magnetic resonance imaging and intelligent response, etc.).However, the current literature mainly focuses on the application of MHs, without fully understanding the relationship between the design strategies and applications of each function in MHs. This review highlights six major functional properties of MHs, including mechanical properties, adsorption, magnetocaloric effect, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, intelligent response and biocompatibility. Principles and design strategies of each performance are thoroughly analyzed. Furthermore, the latest applications of MHs in biomedicine, soft actuators, environmental protection, chemistry and engineering in recent 5 years are introduced from the perspective of each function. In the carefully selected representative cases, the design strategies and application principle of multi-functional MHs are detailed, respectively. The classical fabrication processing of MHs is summarized. At last, we discuss the unmet needs and potential future challenges in MHs development and highlight its emerging strategies.
“…Combining magnetic stimulation with other stimuli, such as light, [96] electricity, [97] temperature, [98] pH, [99] and redox, [100] MHs will become more intelligent and versatile.…”
Hydrogel is one of the hottest biomaterials in recent years. Especially, magnetic hydrogels (MHs) prepared by combining unique magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with hydrogels have attracted wide attention due to their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical properties, absorbability and rich magnetic properties (magnetocaloric, magnetic resonance imaging and intelligent response, etc.).However, the current literature mainly focuses on the application of MHs, without fully understanding the relationship between the design strategies and applications of each function in MHs. This review highlights six major functional properties of MHs, including mechanical properties, adsorption, magnetocaloric effect, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, intelligent response and biocompatibility. Principles and design strategies of each performance are thoroughly analyzed. Furthermore, the latest applications of MHs in biomedicine, soft actuators, environmental protection, chemistry and engineering in recent 5 years are introduced from the perspective of each function. In the carefully selected representative cases, the design strategies and application principle of multi-functional MHs are detailed, respectively. The classical fabrication processing of MHs is summarized. At last, we discuss the unmet needs and potential future challenges in MHs development and highlight its emerging strategies.
“…It indicates that GO has been peeled off and dispersed into the CTS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS) evenly after intercalation polymerization. 22 Figure 2.(a) X-ray diffraction patterns of GO, (b) CTS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS), and (c) CTS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS)/GO. CTS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS): Chitosan graft poly (acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)/graphite oxide.…”
Chitosan graft poly (acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)/graphite oxide (CTS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS)/GO) composite hydrogel is synthesized and used to remove rhodamine 6G (R6G) and methyl violet (MV) from aqueous solutions by adsorption. The composite is characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of the adsorption conditions, including the amount of graphite oxide (GO), the initial concentration of dye solutions, the adsorption time, ionic strength, and the mass of the composite, on the adsorption capacities has been studied in detail. It can be seen that small amount of GO can improve the adsorption capacities of both dyes. It is found that the adsorption capacities of R6G and MV can be increased by 57.26% and 26.39%, respectively, compared with CTS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS graft copolymer. The maximal adsorption capacity of R6G and MV is 625.3 and 326.4 mg/g, respectively. The interaction between GO and dye molecules are speculated. GO acts as crosslinking points and combine with the CTS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS) graft copolymer through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic actions. The adsorption isotherms and thermodynamics are discussed. The Gibbs free energy of R6G and MV is that △GR6GӨ = −2.478 KJ/mol and △GMVӨ = −2.577 KJ/mol and it indicates that the adsorption of R6G and MV on CTS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS)/GO is spontaneous and satisfied the Redlich-Peterson equation. Kinetic studies show that the adsorption is in accordance with the Lagergren pseudo first-order kinetic model.
“…Additionally, the absorption band at 1161.19 cm −1 was assigned to the characteristic vibration of C=O group in the carboxylic acid. Further, an absorption peak appeared at 532 cm −1 , indicated Fe-O stretching vibration in the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles [21].…”
I N this study, a polyacrylic acid-co-butyl methacrylate/Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite was prepared using in-situ coprecipitation polymerization technique, for the adsorptive removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from industrial wastewater. Chemical structure of the prepared magnetic nanocomposite was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermal properties were studied using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), while the morphological structure was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Different parameters affecting the adsorption process, such as contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed, and initial dye concentration, were also studied. This study indicated that the percentage removal of MB dye has decreased with increasing initial dye concentration while increased with raising the agitation speed from 100 to 300 rpm. Additionally, studying the pH profile of the dye solution shows that the highest MB removal percentage (98%) was recorded at pH 3.5. These results demonstrated that the prepared magnetic nanocomposite could be considered as a promising adsorbent for the removal of MB dye from industrial wastewater.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
