“…Because of various trade-offs and uncertainty in the decision-making environment (Maiyar & Thakkar, 2020 ), it is always challenging to achieve this goal during execution (Dubey et al, 2019a ; Özdamar et al, 2004 ). Authors study the humanitarian aid delivery problem under uncertainty in demand and cost (Faiz & Vogiatzis, 2020 ; Liu & Nagurney, 2013 ; Sun et al, 2018 ; Tofighi et al, 2016 ; Zokaee et al, 2016 ), demand and carbon price (Rezaee et al, 2017 ), estimated arrival times, travel time and cost, transportation plan risk (Zheng & Ling, 2013 ), the response time (Bastian et al, 2016 ), loading–unloading time (Abazari et al, 2020 ), inventory amounts (Cao et al, 2021 ), etc. Majorly, the concepts of two-stage stochastic programming (Grass & Fischer, 2016 ).…”