Presence and content of kynurenic acid in animal feed

Turski, Michał P.; Zgrajka, Wojciech; Siwicki, Andrzej K.; Paluszkiewicz, Piotr

doi:10.1111/jpn.12208

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…KYNA has a key role in numerous biological species and their environment. The natural abundance of this biomolecule is essential in plants [19], in animal feed [20], in amphibians as pheromones [21] and moreover in fish as lymphocyte-activators [22] with potential aggravating properties [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kynurenic Acid and Its Analogs Are Beneficial Physiologic Attenuators in Bdelloid Rotifers

et al. 2019

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The in vivo investigation of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and its analogs is one of the recent exciting topics in pharmacology. In the current study we assessed the biological effects of these molecules on bdelloid rotifers (Philodina acuticornis and Adineta vaga) by monitoring changes in their survival and phenotypical characteristics. In addition to longitudinal (slowly changing) markers (survival, number of rotifers alive and body size index), some dynamic (quickly responding) ones (cellular reduction capacity and mastax contraction frequency) were measured as well. KYNA and its analogs increased longevity, reproduction and growth, whereas reduction capacity and energy-dependent muscular activity decreased conversely. We found that spermidine, a calorie restriction mimetic, exerted similar changes in the applied micro-invertebrates. This characterized systemic profile evoked by the above-mentioned compounds was named beneficial physiologic attenuation. In reference experiments, using a stimulator (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) and a toxin (sodium azide), all parameters changed in the same direction (positively or negatively, respectively), as expected. The currently described adaptive phenomenon in bdelloid rotifers may provide holistic perspectives in translational research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kynurenic Acid and Its Analogs Are Beneficial Physiologic Attenuators in Bdelloid Rotifers

et al. 2019

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“…The highest concentration of KYNA was found in feed for livestock, where it varied from 0.198 μg/g fresh weight to 0.414 μg/g fresh weight. Based on the measurement of KYNA content in feed ingredients, the authors concluded that the concentration of KYNA in animal feed was not controlled and deliberately set, but its final content depended on the ingredients used [ 84 ].…”

Section: Kynurenic Acid In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Health Benefits of Food Enriched with Kynurenic Acid

et al. 2022

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Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a metabolite of tryptophan, is an endogenous substance produced intracellularly by various human cells. In addition, KYNA can be synthesized by the gut microbiome and delivered in food. However, its content in food is very low and the total alimentary supply with food accounts for only 1–3% of daily KYNA excretion. The only known exception is chestnut honey, which has a higher KYNA content than other foods by at least two orders of magnitude. KYNA is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; it is not metabolized and is excreted mainly in urine. It possesses well-defined molecular targets, which allows the study and elucidation of KYNA’s role in various pathological conditions. Following a period of fascination with KYNA’s importance for the central nervous system, research into its role in the peripheral system has been expanding rapidly in recent years, bringing some exciting discoveries. KYNA does not penetrate from the peripheral circulation into the brain; hence, the following review summarizes knowledge on the peripheral consequences of KYNA administration, presents data on KYNA content in food products, in the context of its daily supply in diets, and systematizes the available pharmacokinetic data. Finally, it provides an analysis of the rationale behind enriching foods with KYNA for health-promoting effects.

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