Presence, formation, and elimination of foodborne pathogen persisters

Xiong, Xiaoxing; Kong, Jiayi; Qi, Diya; Xiong, Xiong; Liu, Yuanjian; Cui, Xiaowen

doi:10.1002/jsf2.24

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…This is further supported by the resazurin metabolic assay which revealed that V. parahaemolyticus biofilm cells were able to survive exposure to media with low pH (3) and in SGF which had a pH of 1.5 for 2 h, but V. vulnificus did not recover as well or survive. However, this survival could be due to the presence of persister cells, as these cells were able to survive the stressors, and once the stressor was removed, were able to become metabolically active again and the biofilms recover in growth and development ( Xiong et al, 2022 ). V. parahaemolyticus , while not being isolated from blood, still had high amounts of biofilm biomass, biofilm cell concentrations, cell colonization and dispersal in HPLM at 25°C and 37°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This likely occurs as cells embedded in biofilms survive the sudden changes in temperature and pH in a new environment like the human gastrointestinal tract. When environmental conditions are more favorable, the cells disperse from the consumed abiotic or biotic surface, which can lead to colonization of the gastrointestinal surfaces ( Motta et al, 2021 ; Xiong et al, 2022 ). One of these abiotic surfaces can be MPs, and since Vibrio biofilms have been abundantly found on MPs, one implication is that MPs could act as transport vectors of pathogenic Vibrio species to marine animals that coincidently or selectively ingest biofilm-associated MP particles instead of food particles in the marine environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in vitro biofilm dispersal from microplastics influenced by simulated human environment

Leighton,

Xiong,

Anderson

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Growing concerns exist regarding human ingestion of contaminated seafood that contains Vibrio biofilms on microplastics (MPs). One of the mechanisms enhancing biofilm related infections in humans is due to biofilm dispersion, a process that triggers release of bacteria from biofilms into the surrounding environment, such as the gastrointestinal tract of human hosts. Dispersal of cells from biofilms can occur in response to environmental conditions such as sudden changes in temperature, pH and nutrient conditions, as the bacteria leave the biofilm to find a more stable environment to colonize. This study evaluated how brief exposures to nutrient starvation, elevated temperature, different pH levels and simulated human media affect Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus biofilm dispersal and processes on and from low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) MPs. Both species were able to adequately disperse from all types of plastics under most exposure conditions. V. parahaemolyticus was able to tolerate and survive the low pH that resembles the gastric environment compared to V. vulnificus. pH had a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) positive effect on overall V. parahaemolyticus biofilm biomass in microplates and cell colonization from PP and PS. pH also had a positive effect on V. vulnificus cell colonization from LDPE and PP. However, most biofilm biomass, biofilm cell and dispersal cell densities of both species greatly varied after exposure to elevated temperature, pH, and nutrient starvation. It was also found that certain exposures to simulated human media affected both V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus biofilm biomass and biofilm cell densities on LDPE, PP and PS compared to exposure to traditional media of similar pH. Cyclic-di-GMP was higher in biofilm cells compared to dispersal cells, but exposure to more stressful conditions significantly increased signal concentrations in both biofilm and dispersal states. Taken together, this study suggests that human pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus can rapidly disperse with high cell densities from different plastic types in vitro. However, the biofilm dispersal process is highly variable, species specific and dependent on plastic type, especially under different human body related environmental exposures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in vitro biofilm dispersal from microplastics influenced by simulated human environment

Leighton,

Xiong,

Anderson

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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A novel ESKAPE-sensitive peptide with enhanced stability and its application in controlling multiple bacterial contaminations in chilled fresh pork

Zeng

Zhang

et al. 2023

Food Chemistry

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Assessment of phenotypic heterogeneity in Salmonella Typhimurium preadapted to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline

Dawan,

Kim,

Ahn

2023

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Bacterial population exposed to stressful antibiotic conditions consists of various subpopulations such as tolerant, persister, and resistant cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic heterogeneity of Salmonella Typhimurium preadapted to sublethal concentrations of antibiotics. Salmonella Typhimurium cells were treated with 1/2 × MIC of antibiotics for the first 48 h and successively 1 × MIC for the second 24 h at 37°C, including untreated control (CON), no antibiotic and 1 × MIC ciprofloxacin (NON-CIP), 1/2 × MIC ciprofloxacin and 1 × MIC ciprofloxacin (CIP-CIP), 1/2 × MIC tetracycline and 1 × MIC ciprofloxacin (TET-CIP), no antibiotic and 1 × MIC tetracycline (NON-TET), 1/2 × MIC ciprofloxacin and 1 × MIC tetracycline (CIP-TET), and 1/2 × MIC tetracycline and 1 × MIC tetracycline (TET-TET). All treatments were evaluated by antibiotic susceptibility, ATP level, relative fitness, cross-resistance, and persistence. S. Typhimurium cells were more susceptible to non-adapted NON-CIP and NON-TET (>3-log reduction) than pre-adapted CIP-CIP, TET-CIP, CIP-TET, and TET-TET. CON exhibited the highest ATP level, corresponding to the viable cell number. The relative fitness levels were more than 0.95 for all treatments, except for NON-CIP (0.78). The resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline was increased at all treatments with the exception of NON-TET. The persister cells were noticeably induced at CIP-TET treatment, showing more than 5 log CFU mL−1. The results suggest that the antibiotic preadaptation led to heterogeneous populations including persisters that can develop to resistance. This study provides new insight in the bacterial persistence associated with their potential risk and paves the way to design antibiotic therapy targeting dormant bacteria.

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Presence, formation, and elimination of foodborne pathogen persisters

Cited by 3 publications

References 87 publications

Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in vitro biofilm dispersal from microplastics influenced by simulated human environment

Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in vitro biofilm dispersal from microplastics influenced by simulated human environment

A novel ESKAPE-sensitive peptide with enhanced stability and its application in controlling multiple bacterial contaminations in chilled fresh pork

Assessment of phenotypic heterogeneity in Salmonella Typhimurium preadapted to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline

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