Presence of Helicobacter Pylori in the Stomach and Laryngeal Mucosal Linings in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer

Abstract

SUMMARY – Helicobacter (H.) pylori is the cause of one of the most common chronic bacterial infections in humans. Risk factors for the development of laryngeal cancer are cigarette smoke, alcohol, and human papillomavirus. Several papers report on H. pylori isolated in tooth plaque, saliva, middle ear and sinuses. Many articles describe the presence of H. pylori in laryngeal cancer cases, however, without noting the possible source of infection, i.e. stomach or oral cavity. The aim of this study was to determine which patients and to what extent simultaneously developed H. pylori colonization in the stomach and the larynx. Prospective examinations were performed in 51 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The study group included patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma histopathologically confirmed by two independent pathologists. The patients underwent fiber esophagogastroduodenoscopy with tumor tissue biopsy. Laryngeal and gastric biopsies were examined by histologic staining technique for histopathologic detection of H. pylori and with DNA analyses using the standardized fluorescent ABI Helicobacter plus-minus PCR assay. Laryngeal carcinoma patients showed positive H. pylori test results simultaneously in the laryngeal and stomach areas, implying H. pylori transmission from the stomach to the laryngeal area. In addition, H. pylori positive test results along with negative H. pylori results in the stomach region were also recorded, suggesting a possible bacteria migration from the oral cavity. In conclusion, H. pylori was found in the area of laryngeal carcinoma, and its migration appeared likely to occur both upwards (from the stomach to the mouth) and downwards (from the oral cavity to the stomach).

Laryngeal Helicobacter pylori Infection and Laryngeal Cancer-Case Series and a Systematic Review

“…A total of 54 records were excluded based on article type (reviews, case reports, irrelevant experiments, incomplete data). After full-text assessments of the 40 remaining records, we finally identified and reviewed 15 studies [ 12 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ] consisting of nine case-controlled studies and six case series with sufficient data related to laryngeal H. pylori infection in patients with laryngeal cancer. Characteristics of the 15 studies are summarized in Table 5 .…”

“…Furthermore, 227 (40.0%) of 567 patients with laryngeal cancer and 68 (25.9%) of controls had laryngeal H. pylori infection, assessed by PCR [ 12 , 16 , 20 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. Fourteen (4.3%) of 325 patients with laryngeal cancer and two (1.1%) of controls had laryngeal H. pylori infection, assessed by RUT or IHC or histopathology [ 12 , 21 , 49 , 50 , 54 , 59 ].…”

“…The reported prevalence of H. pylori infection and laryngeal cancer varies widely between studies (ranging from 0 to 81%), depending on the area researched and the diagnostic method used [ 12 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ] ( Table 5 ). Because of the heterogeneity in sample types, detection methods, and study designs of previous reports, it was difficult to conduct a multi-country meta-analysis to determine the effect of laryngeal H. pylori infection on the development of laryngeal cancer.…”

“…Recently, approximately 50% of patients with laryngeal cancer have gastric H. pylori infection (prevalence, 47–75%) [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]; however, some studies have suggested that gastric H. pylori infection may not play a role in the development of laryngeal cancer compared with controls [ 15 , 16 ]. H. pylori infection can induce laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]; furthermore, gastric reflux can bring it to the larynx.…”

A Review Study on the Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Laryngeal Carcinoma

“…Laryngeal lesions are related to the H. Pylori infection specially in laryngeal SCC [48] In 2018 the presence of H. Pylori in Stomach and laryngeal mucosal linings was estimated in laryngeal cancer patients. And H. pylori was detected in the cancer area, and its migrate from the stomach to the mouth and oral cavity to the stomach [49].…”