Present-centered therapy (PCT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults

Belsher, Bradley E.; Beech, Erin H.; Evatt, Daniel P.; Rosen, Craig S.; Liu, Xian; Otto, Jean; Schnurr, Paula P.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012898

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Although a 27.1% dropout rate for TFTs is within the expected range of dropouts reported for disorders other than PTSD and their various treatments (Swift & Greenberg, 2017), this rate is still considerably higher than the 16.1% we found among participants randomized to non‐TFTs. This finding supports growing concerns about the exclusive use of short‐term, trauma‐based manualized treatments (Steenkamp et al., 2020), as trauma‐avoidant treatments such as PCT also appear to be efficacious in the treatment of PTSD and carry a lower risk of treatment dropout (Belsher et al., 2019; Imel et al., 2012). Possible explanations for this difference include the inherent rigidity of receiving a manualized treatment for the TFT protocols as compared to the non‐TFT protocols, the difficulty of disclosing trauma content in treatment, and participant treatment preferences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Research has further demonstrated that treatment dropout rates for TFTs appear to be higher relative to non‐TFTs (Belsher et al., 2019; Berke et al., 2019; Imel et al., 2013; Kitchiner et al., 2019). However, first‐line evidence‐based treatments for PTSD are, almost exclusively, TFTs (U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs [VA] & Department of Defense [DoD], 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment Dropout Among Military and Veteran Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Edwards‐Stewart

Smolenski

Bush

et al. 2021

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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High treatment dropout rates reported in recent literature have brought into question the effectiveness of trauma‐focused posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments among military populations. The aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate PTSD treatment dropout rates among military populations by treatment type and other study‐level variables. We searched four databases as well as gray literature for randomized controlled trials that evaluated evidence‐based PTSD treatments in samples of active duty personnel and/or veterans. In total, 26 studies were included in this review, with a total of 2,984 participants. We analyzed dropout rates across treatment types using multivariate meta‐analysis. Across all forms of treatment, the aggregated dropout rate was 24.2%. Dropout percentages based on treatment type were 27.1% for trauma‐focused treatments, 16.1% for non–trauma‐focused treatments, and 6.8% for waitlist groups. We found substantial heterogeneity between studies that was not explained by military status or other study‐level covariates. Summary risk ratios (RRs) comparing relative dropout between treatment groups indicated that trauma‐focused treatment groups had a higher risk of dropout compared to non–trauma‐focused treatments, RR = 1.60. The statistical heterogeneity of within‐treatment dropout risk ratios was negligible. Dropout rates among military patients receiving trauma‐focused therapies were only slightly higher than those reported in the literature among civilian populations and were not explained by study‐level covariates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment Dropout Among Military and Veteran Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Edwards‐Stewart

Smolenski

Bush

et al. 2021

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…In fact, consistent with a personalized medicine and precision science approach (Larry Jameson & Longo, 2015), PPMT’s inherent flexibility allows it to be tailored to a client’s symptom profile, goals, and needs (e.g., focusing on behavioral assignments aligned with elicited values vs. strengths; Contractor et al 2020c). Additionally, the simplicity and accessibility of the interventions themselves (e.g., processing positive memories in-depth and completing the VAST log) promotes mastery and ultimately improved sense of empowerment, which has been previously identified as a nonspecific beneficial component of effective PTSD treatments (e.g., Belsher et al, 2019).…”

Section: Treatment Implications Of the Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of Positive Memories Technique among Clients Reporting Traumatic Experiences: A Case Series

Fondren

Banducci

Cox

et al. 2021

Clinical Case Studies

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Many current treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) emphasize processing and engaging with trauma memories as the key mechanism of therapeutic change. However, promising emerging research indicates links between PTSD symptoms and positive memories. Processing positive memories, to therapeutically impact health outcomes for trauma-exposed individuals, may have several benefits, including (a) increasing access to positive coping mechanisms via activating positive affect and thoughts; (b) addressing avoidance of positive affect and thoughts; and (c) honing skills that will aid in the eventual processing of trauma memories. The present article demonstrates the utility and effects of a novel Processing of Positive Memories Technique (PPMT) with three clients who reported a history of traumatic experiences. We outline the procedures of a 5-session PPMT, that incorporates symptom assessment, detailed imaginal experiencing of positive memories, and processing of associated positive values, affect, strengths, and thoughts. We utilize longitudinal assessment data to demonstrate the clinical benefits of PPMT, such as less PTSD severity, improved mood (e.g., less negative affect), and greater self-esteem. Finally, we discuss treatment considerations based on unique client factors and treatment modalities (i.e., in-person vs. video telehealth).

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“…When the body has an emergency such as an infection, the level of PCT will be significantly increased, especially in bacterial-induced sepsis [12]. It is believed that serum PCT is one of the markers of organophosphorus poisoning patients with early bacterial infections to induce multiorgan inflammations, and it has sensitivity and specificity [13]. Clinical studies have shown that patients with organophosphorus poisoning combined with respiratory failure can easily lead to a decline in the body's immune level, and long-term hospitalization can easily lead to lung infections, and the mortality rate will also be increased, thus threatening the life and health of patients [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT Imaging in the Diagnosis of Lung Injury of Organophosphorus Poisoning and Analysis of Its Correlation with Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein Levels

Sun

Wang

Yan

2021

Scientific Programming

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This study focused on the application value of CT images of patients with organophosphorus poisoning lung injury. Specifically, 50 patients diagnosed with organophosphorus pesticide poisoning lung injury in the hospital were selected as research subjects. They all had chest CT examinations. Patients were classified according to different degrees of poisoning, and different groups were compared for the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in the serum. The results showed that, of the 50 patients, 25 patients had mild organophosphorus poisoning, accounting for 50%, 14 patients had moderate poisoning, accounting for 28%, and 11 patients suffered from severe organophosphorus poisoning. It was found that, in AOPP patients, cascade effect was exerted by stimulating the secretion of inflammatory mediators such as CRP, causing systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and multiorgan failure appeared in the early stage of the disease. After the histogram equalization treatment, the image was clearer than that processed by the other three methods. In terms of CT image smoothing, the effect of the Gaussian filtering was better than the mean filtering effect, and the effect of the median filtering was better than that of the Gaussian filtering. Therefore, the structure of the lungs became clearer, and the lung texture was also clearly displayed, and CT images after histogram equalization have an important value in the diagnosis of lung injury caused by organophosphorus poisoning.

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Present-centered therapy (PCT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment Dropout Among Military and Veteran Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment Dropout Among Military and Veteran Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Processing of Positive Memories Technique among Clients Reporting Traumatic Experiences: A Case Series

CT Imaging in the Diagnosis of Lung Injury of Organophosphorus Poisoning and Analysis of Its Correlation with Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein Levels

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