Preterm infant body composition, working memory, and temperament

Morris, Erin E.; Miller, Neely C.; Haapala, Jacob; Georgieff, Michael; Ramel, Sara E.

doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101808

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In our final multivariate model, FM z-scores were significant across ADP at any time point in respect to CAT, CLAMS, and gross motor testing (Table 4); however, this association was not present in the inpatient or outpatient model, which demonstrates that body composition components are key to neurodevelopment at specific time points. This should be investigated in future studies as FM gain over time has been shown in literature to have potential negative associations with worsened temperament [17]. There were negative associations between PVL, sepsis, BPD, and neurodevelopment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Trends in Preterm Body Composition and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Discharge

Lach,

Chetta,

Gregoski

et al. 2023

Neonatology

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Introduction: Body composition, specifically fat-free mass (FFM), of preterm infants is associated with improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Little is known about body composition of preterm infants after discharge. Preterm body composition was measured by air displacement plethysmography (ADP) at two time points, inpatient (35–40 weeks postmenstrual age [PMA]) and outpatient (48–58 weeks PMA), with neonatal factors and neurodevelopmental testing at 4–6 months corrected age. We hypothesized increased FFM is positively associated with neurodevelopment. Methods: From 2007 to 2011, 510 infants admitted to the Medical University of South Carolina’s neonatal intensive care unit underwent ADP. A total of 379 of 510 (74%) had anthropometrics at birth, an ADP scan with FFM, fat mass, fat percent z-scores, and an outpatient neurodevelopmental evaluation (CAT/CLAMS, Peabody Gross Motor). Variables were compared using multivariate analyses for body composition measurements. Results: The infants were 32 ± 4.8 weeks gestational age at birth with an average birth weight of 1,697 ± 932 g. Most (56%) infants received maternal milk at discharge. CAT, CLAMS, and gross motor scores had positive correlations with FFM z-scores at inpatient and outpatient ADP (p < 0.05). Receiving maternal milk at discharge was positively associated with cognitive (β = 0.22, p < 0.05) and language scores (β = 0.26, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Increased FFM is associated with improved cognitive, language, and gross motor testing. Maternal milk was positively associated with language and cognitive scores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Trends in Preterm Body Composition and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Discharge

Lach,

Chetta,

Gregoski

et al. 2023

Neonatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies demonstrate that neonatal growth is linked to improved neurodevelopmental and schooling outcomes. 9,[138][139][140][141][142][143] In addition to anthropometric measurements, body composition has become a tool to bridge our understanding of how nutrition affects neurodevelopment.…”

Section: Neurodevelopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant body composition: A comprehensive overview of assessment techniques, nutrition factors, and health outcomes

Jerome,

Valcarce,

Lach

et al. 2023

Nut in Clin Prac

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Body composition assessment is a valuable tool for clinical assessment and research that has implications for long‐term health. Unlike traditional measurements such as anthropometrics or body mass index, body composition assessments provide more accurate measures of body fatness and lean mass. Moreover, depending on the technique, they can offer insight into regional body composition, bone mineral density, and brown adipose tissue. Various methods of body composition assessment exist, including air displacement plethysmography, dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry, bioelectrical impedance, magnetic resonance imaging, D3 creatine, ultrasound, and skinfold thickness, each with its own strengths and limitations. In infants, several feeding practices and nutrition factors are associated with body composition outcomes, such as breast milk vs formula feeding, protein intake, breast milk composition, and postdischarge formulas for preterm infants. Longitudinal studies suggest that body composition in infancy predicts later body composition, obesity, and other cardiometabolic outcomes in childhood, making it a useful early marker of cardiometabolic health in both term and preterm infants. Emerging evidence also suggests that body composition during infancy predicts neurodevelopmental outcomes, particularly in preterm infants at high risk of neurodevelopmental impairment. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive overview of body composition assessment techniques, summarize the links between specific nutrition practices and body composition in infancy, and describe the neurodevelopmental and cardiometabolic outcomes associated with body composition patterns in term and preterm infants.

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Differential associations between body composition indices and neurodevelopment during early life in term-born infants: findings from the Pakistan cohort: Multi-Center Body Composition Reference Study

et al. 2023

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Objective We examined associations between fat free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) accretion during the first 1000 days of life and neurodevelopment in term-born, low-risk infants from Karachi, Pakistan. Design Prospective, observational study nested within the larger Multi-Center Body Composition Reference Study. FFM, FM, and fat% were estimated using measured deuterium dilution method. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed at 24 months on the INTER-NDA (INTERGROWTH-21st Project Neurodevelopment Assessment) (n = 132). Results Children with gross motor delays had significantly lower FFM at 18 months (8.01 ± 0.97 kg vs. 7.55 ± 0.20 kg). Children with positive and negative behavior problems had significantly higher fat% at 24 months (20.62 ± 4.30% vs. 18.23 ± 5.46%) and 20.89 ± 4.24% vs. 18.54 ± 5.38%). No associations remained significant after adjusting for covariates. Trajectory modeling showed that between 12 and 18 months, negative behavior scores changed by 13.8 points for every standard deviation change in fat accretion. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of balancing neurodevelopment and metabolic risk when designing nutritional interventions for young children.

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Preterm infant body composition, working memory, and temperament

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Trends in Preterm Body Composition and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Discharge

Trends in Preterm Body Composition and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Discharge

Infant body composition: A comprehensive overview of assessment techniques, nutrition factors, and health outcomes

Differential associations between body composition indices and neurodevelopment during early life in term-born infants: findings from the Pakistan cohort: Multi-Center Body Composition Reference Study

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