Prevalence and Causes of Low Vision and Blindness among Adult Patients Attending Eye Clinic in a Tertiary Hospital in South East, Nigeria

Otuka, O. A. I.; Ekeleme, N. C.; Akaraiwe, E. N.; Iwuoha, E. C.; Eweputanna, L. I.; Kalu, A.

doi:10.9734/ajmah/2021/v19i830353

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Visual impairment (VI) is a significant public health issue around the world because it has a detrimental impact on a person’s psychosocial and economic well-being, as well as the well-being of their family, community, and the country as a whole [ 1 , 2 ]. In children, this leads to lifelong consequences, including a lower level of educational achievement [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are 88.4 million cases of refractive error, 94 million cases of cataract, 7.7 million cases of glaucoma, 4.2 million cases of corneal opacities, 3.9 million cases of diabetic retinopathy, 2 million cases of trachoma, and 3.8 million cases of near-VI brought on by untreated presbyopia (826 million). These were reported as the major causes of VI and blindness globally [ 5 , 11 ] In Nigeria, cataract was recorded as the major cause of VI, constituting 45.3% and 43.0% of VI and blindness, respectively [ 2 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual Impairment and Blindness among Patients at Nigeria Army Eye Centre, Bonny Cantonment Lagos, Nigeria

Ezinne

Shittu²,

Ekemiri³

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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Background: Visual impairment (VI) is a public health problem that can affect an individual’s social wellbeing. The study aims to determine the distribution and causes of vision impairment (VI) and blindness among patients at Nigerian Army Eye Centre Lagos, Nigeria. Method: An institutional cross-sectional study was conducted, and a systematic random sampling technique was used to enrol study participants from their medical records. Information about their demography, presenting visual acuity (VA), best corrected visual acuity and cause of VI and blindness, were retrieved. Result: A total of five hundred (500) medical records of patients aged from 4 to 96 years, with a mean age of 54.07 ± 21.43 years, were considered for the study. Among the participants, more than half were males (51.2%) and ≥60 years (53.0%). A large (47.2%) proportion of the patients had moderate VI at the time of presentation, followed by blindness (22.0%). The major cause of blindness was cataract, while glaucoma and refractive error were the major causes of VI. Blindness and VI were significantly associated with the type of VI before and after the provision of intervention (p < 0.05) across different age groups (children, youths, adults, elderly) with an adjusted p < 0.003 after an intervention. Conclusions: Cataracts, glaucoma and uncorrected refractive error (URE) were the major causes of VI and blindness in Lagos State. VI was more prevalent in males than females; however, there was no significant difference between the two proportions. The prevalence of VI among age groups was more significant for those 60 years and above. Early screening for the detection and management of cataract, URE and glaucoma is highly advised to reduce the burden of VI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Impairment and Blindness among Patients at Nigeria Army Eye Centre, Bonny Cantonment Lagos, Nigeria

Ezinne

Shittu²,

Ekemiri³

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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“…In sociodemographic distribution of refractive errors, it was noted in this study that presbyopia was commoner in people aged more than 40 years because it is an accommodation defect that causes near visual impairment with advancing age as a result of physiological change in the crystalline lens of an adult eye with consequent loss of the amplitude of accommodation [36]. Other refractive errors were commoner in the younger age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Pattern of Refractive Errors in a Tertiary Hospital in South East, Nigeria

Otuka

Eweputanna²,

Kalu³

et al. 2022

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Background: Uncorrected refractive errors (RE) are a major cause of visual impairment. They affect a large proportion of the population globally and have psychological and socio-economic effects on the individual, family and society. They could lead to poor quality of life. Aim: To determine the pattern and predisposing factors of refractive errors among patients seen in the outpatient clinic. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive study involving patients with refractive error that presented to the eye clinic in the year 2017. Data were obtained from patients’ records, entered into and analysed using IBM SPSS version 25. Results: A total of 300 patients with refractive errors were seen in the period of study. This comprised of 93 males and 207 females with mean age of 40.13±17.6 years. The commonest presenting complaint was blurring of both far & near vision (24%), other presenting complaints in decreasing order of frequency were blurring of distant vision, itching, blurring of near vision, eye pain, headache and red eyes in 18%,15%, 9.6%, 5.6%, and 3.2% respectively. Presbyopia was noted in 55.3% while myopia, anisometropia, astigmatism and hypermetropia were noted in 20.7%, 19.3%, 7.0% and 1.3% respectively. Nuclear sclerosis was the commonest co-existing ocular pathology or morbidity. Statistically significant association was found between age of the patients and presence of ocular disease existing with RE (p=0.016). Conclusion: Fifty-one percent of the study population had refractive errors. The commonest refractive error was myopia while hypermetropia was the least common refractive error in this environment.

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Prevalence and Causes of Low Vision and Blindness among Adult Patients Attending Eye Clinic in a Tertiary Hospital in South East, Nigeria

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Visual Impairment and Blindness among Patients at Nigeria Army Eye Centre, Bonny Cantonment Lagos, Nigeria

Visual Impairment and Blindness among Patients at Nigeria Army Eye Centre, Bonny Cantonment Lagos, Nigeria

Pattern of Refractive Errors in a Tertiary Hospital in South East, Nigeria

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