Prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors: a cross-sectional survey among Nanjing adults in China

Xia, Hong; Ye, Qing; He, Jing; Wang, Zhiyong; Yang, Huafeng; Qi, Shengxiang; Chen, Xupeng; Wang, Chenchen; Zhou, Hai-Rong; Li, Chao; Qin, Zhenzhen; Xu, Fei

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020530

Cited by 35 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The major finding of this study was that the prevalence of CVD biological risk factors was fairly high with a tendency of clustering. Several previous epidemiological studies reported the clustering of CVD biological risk factors in Chinese populations 20–22. For example, the Chinese Physiological Constant and Health Condition survey measured CVD risk factors in a nationally representative sample of 23 010 Chinese aged 18 or older and provided the best comparison data for our study 20.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of cardiovascular disease biological risk factors among older adults in Shenzhen City, China: a cross-sectional study

Weng

Yuan

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesFew studies reported the clustering of cardiovascular disease (CVD) biological risk factors among older adults. The objective of this study was to characterise the clustering of CVD biological risk factors among adults aged 65 or older in Shenzhen city, China.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingGeneral communities in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.ParticipantsA representative sample of 5635 participants aged 65 or older participated in the survey with a response rate of 93.6%.Main outcome measuresIndividual CVD biological risk factors (overweight/obesity, central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes) and their clustering.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight, obesity, central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes in this study was 37.4%, 10.8%, 37.0%, 51.9%, 40.2% and 18.0%, respectively. The mean count of CVD biological risk factors per participant was 1.95. The 86.0% of the participants presented at least one CVD biological risk factor and 33.8% of the participants presented clustering of CVD biological risk factors, that is, presenting three or more CVD biological risk factors, as defined in this study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, and drinking and smoking status were significantly associated with clustering of CVD biological risk factors (P<0.05). Women, the older and alcohol drinkers were more likely to have clustering of CVD biological risk factors.ConclusionsThe prevalence of CVD biological risk factors is fairly high in the older adults with a tendency of clustering in Shenzhen. The findings highlight the need for integrated management of CVD biological risk factors among older adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of cardiovascular disease biological risk factors among older adults in Shenzhen City, China: a cross-sectional study

Weng

Yuan

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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“…Consequently, total risk of CVD is the sum of respective risks arising from the incidence of major CRFs. [10][11][12][13][14] The estimated risk of a CVD increases with the emergence of an additional CRF. 15 Age is also frequently allocated into the same category.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Age-Dependent Disparities in the Prevalence of Single and Clustering Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults</p>

Macek¹,

Žák²,

Terek-Derszniak³

et al. 2020

CIA

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide; with age acknowledged as an independent cardiovascular risk factor (CRF) in adults. Appreciating the association between age and classic CRFs is believed to boost all potential benefits of prevention. Purpose: Assessment of the prevalence of single and clustered CRFs and their association with age. Patients and Methods: The survey involved 4735 people (33.6% men) who were PONS project attendees aged 45-64. The study protocol comprised the Health Status Questionnaire, general medical examination, anthropometric measurements, and blood and urine sampling. The prevalence of single and clustered CRFs (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity) in the incrementally split age groups was calculated. The incidence rate of CRFs, against their absence, was determined by Poisson regression models with robust standard errors. Results: The prevalence of CRFs was established in 90% of the respondents. Except dyslipidemia and ≥1 CRFs, prevalence of risk factors increased with age, although this trend was the weakest in men. In the total group, and in women, prevalence of dyslipidemia and ≥1 CRFs was unrelated to age, whereas in men, it was on the rise in the younger age groups. The incidence rate of CRFs was strongly related to age, and, with the exception of dyslipidemia, was higher in the older age groups. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk factors are common in the adult population, while their prevalence and clustering are more prevalent in seniors. Apart from dyslipidemia, the risk of CRFs is appreciably age-related, and higher in seniors.

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“…This population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out between June and November 2011 from the Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance in Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province in east of China. The survey has been described in details previously [17]. Briefly, the inclusion criteria for sample population in our study were native permanent residents aged 18 years and above, who lived in local villages/communities for at least 6 months.…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of major cardiovascular risk factors, risk factor clustering with cardiovascular diseases from eastern China A population-based cross-sectional study

Yang¹,

Hong²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are serious public health issues and the burden of CVDs is at alarmingly high level in China. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence of CVDs and modifiable risk factors, and explore the association of risk factors, risk factor clustering with CVDs among Nanjing adults from eastern China.Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted by a stratified clustered sampling between June and November 2011. A representative sample of 40,896 residents aged over 18 years was interviewed by face-to-face questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurements and laboratory examinations. The prevalence of CVDs including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke was determined according to a participant's self-report. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between relevant risk factors, their clustering and CVDs.Results: The weighted prevalence of self-reported in the entire population was 1.1% for CHD; and 1.4% for stroke. The weighted prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity, and current smoking was 25.0%, 6.7%, 29.6%, 35.9% and 24.5%, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted models, higher levels of body mass index, systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose could be associated with increased risks of CHD and stroke, whereas higher level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol could be related to lower risks of CHD. Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were likely to be positively associated with self-reported CVDs regardless of genders in multivariable logistic regression models. Participants with CVDs had significant higher proportion of at least two of CVD risk factors than their counterparts without CVDs. Compared to those having no risk factor; adults with one, two, three or more CVD risk factors had possibly gradually increased risks of CHD and stroke in both genders.Conclusion: Higher regional prevalence of CVDs was likely to be synergistic effects of risk factors aggregation. Therefore, multifactorial intervention strategies based on associated risk factors may be available for prevention and control of CVDs in Chinese population. Background 4 Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most important public health issues in the world [1].CVDs were the leading cause of deaths and loss of disability worldwide and were responsible for 17.5 million deaths in 2012, which accounted for 31.3% of global deaths [2]. Among these deaths, an estimated 7.4 million and 6.7 million were attributed to heart diseases and strokes, respectively. It is predicted that the overall number of CVD mortality will increase to 20 million by 2030 [3].Additionally, more than 80% of cardiovascular deaths occurred in low-and middle-income countries [2]. The Global Burden of Disease study reported that coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke were the most common types of CVDs [4].With rapid economic growth, aging population, urbanization and westernization, the burden of CVDs is at alarming...

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Prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors: a cross-sectional survey among Nanjing adults in China

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Clustering of cardiovascular disease biological risk factors among older adults in Shenzhen City, China: a cross-sectional study

Clustering of cardiovascular disease biological risk factors among older adults in Shenzhen City, China: a cross-sectional study

<p>Age-Dependent Disparities in the Prevalence of Single and Clustering Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults</p>

Association of major cardiovascular risk factors, risk factor clustering with cardiovascular diseases from eastern China A population-based cross-sectional study

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