Prevalence and Developmental Profiles of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children With Global Developmental Delay

Abstract

BackgroundPrevious studies have mostly explored the comorbidities of Global developmental delay (GDD) in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) from the perspective of ASD. The study focus on the perspective of GDD to investigate the prevalence and developmental profiles of ASD in GDD and to explore the correlation between the developmental level and symptoms of autism.MethodsClinical data of 521 children with GDD aged from 24 to 60 months were retrospectively analyzed. Analyses were performed first for the whole sample and then subdivided into two subgroups (GDD+ASD−, GDD+ASD+) according to whether had ASD. Symptoms of autism were evaluated by the Autism Behavior Checklist and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. The Chinese version of the Gesell Developmental Schedules was used to evaluate the level of children's mental development.ResultThe prevalence of ASD in children with GDD was 62.3%. The total average developmental quotient (DQ) of GDD was mildly deficient and was negatively correlated with symptoms of autism (p < 0.05); language ability was severe and extremely severe deficient (P < 0.05). GDD+ASD− group and GDD+ASD+ group have some common points as well as differences in the developmental features. The language delay of children in both subgroups was the most obviously defected, thereafter followed by the item of personal social activity. In the GDD+ASD+ group, the DQ of gross motor skills>fine motor skills>adaptability (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences among the DQ of gross motor skills, fine motor skills and adaptability in GDD+ASD− group (p > 0.05). The GDD+ASD−group had better adaptability, fine motor skills, language ability, personal social activity than that of the GDD+ASD+ group, but the gross motor skills in GDD+ASD− group were worse (p < 0.05).ConclusionGDD children have a high proportion of comorbid ASD, and GDD children with poorer developmental levels are more likely to have ASD symptoms. Development profiles in both GDD+ASD− children and GDD+ASD+ children have common features but there are also differences. GDD+ASD+ group is worse than GDD+ASD− group in terms of the overall development level.

Temporopolar volumes are associated with the severity of social impairment and language development in children with autism spectrum disorder with developmental delay

“…The average DQ in children aged 2–4 years was evaluated using the Gesell Developmental Diagnosis Scale (GDDS), whereas the IQ of children aged 4–6 years was assessed using the Weschler pre-school and primary scale of intelligence ( 19 ). We have compared the language development between the two groups using the language DQ in GDDS for children under 4 years.…”

Hearing Assistive Technology Facilitates Sentence-in-Noise Recognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

“…Instead, the Chinese versions of Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC; Krug et al, 1980) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS; Schopler et al, 1980) were jointly adopted to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity level. In mainland China, both ABC and CARS have long been validated and widely adopted for diagnosing ASD in both research and clinical practice (e.g., Li et al, 2005;Li et al, 2018;Lu et al, 2004;Shan et al, 2021;Yang et al, 1993). Parents or relatives living with the child for at least three years filled out the ABC under the guidance of two licensed psychologists on the research team.…”

Babys und Bildschirme: Realer oder virtueller Autismus?

“…Die Häufigkeit von ASD hat sich damit von 1975, wo sie bei einem Fall unter 5000 Kindern lag, auf einen Fall unter 44 Kindern im Jahr 2018 gesteigert ( Abb. 2 ), d. h. in einem Zeitraum von 43 Jahren mehr als verhundertfacht 54 .…”