Prevalence and Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Treatment Success among TB/ HIV Co-Infection in North-East Malaysia

Jalal, Tengku Mardhiah Tengku; Abdullah, Sarimah; Wahab, Farhanah Abd; Dir, Sharina

doi:10.21315/mjms2017.24.6.9

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This study showed that unemployment was the risk of unsuccessful TB treatment as in previous studies [ 12 , 13 ]. Unemployment had roles in delayed and interrupted treatment [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Main Textssupporting

confidence: 80%

Six-year trend and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Thai Community Hospital

et al. 2021

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Objective Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite efforts to eliminate TB in Thailand, the incidence rate has declined slowly. This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary TB treatment (failed, died and loss-to- follow up) in a community hospital in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2019. Results A total of 487 patients were eligible for the study. The incidence of unsuccessful treatment was 21.67/100 population person year. Risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary TB treatment were unemployment (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 3.12, 95%CI 1.41–6.86), HIV co-infection (AHR 2.85, 95%CI 1.25–6.46), previous history of TB (AHR 2.00, 95%CI 1.04–3.81), positive sputum AFB at the end of the intensive phase (AHR 5.66, 95%CI 2.33–13.74), and sputum AFB was not performed at the end of the intensive phase (AHR 18.40, 95%CI 9.85–34.35). This study can be utilized to improve prevention and intervention of TB treatment by strengthening public health system on treatment quality especially TB patient monitoring tools or methods easy for accessing to patients in communities.

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“…This study showed that unemployment was the risk of unsuccessful TB treatment as in previous studies [ 12 , 13 ]. Unemployment had roles in delayed and interrupted treatment [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Main Textssupporting

confidence: 80%

Six-year trend and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Thai Community Hospital

et al. 2021

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“…On multivariate analysis, age group 56–65 years, relapse cases, EPTB-DM, patients with no formal and secondary level of education were recorded as statistically positive significant risk factors for unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Treatment success rate among patients on HAART was 79.9% which is far better than that mentioned in a study conducted in Kelantan, north-east Malaysia [32]. On the other side, EPTB-DM patients had higher odds for unsuccessful treatment outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Treatment outcomes and risk factors of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with co-morbidities

et al. 2019

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Background: Smoking plays a key role in the development of tuberculosis (TB) infection and is also a predictor of poor TB treatment prognosis and outcomes. The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of smoking and to assess the effects of smoking on treatment outcomes among TB patients. Methods: A multi-center retrospective study design was used to collect data from TB patients in four different states of Malaysia, namely Penang, Sabah, Sarawak, and Selangor. The study included medical records of TB patients admitted to the selected hospitals in the period from January 2006 to March 2009. Medical records with incomplete data were not included. Patient demographics and clinical data were collected using a validated data collection form. Results: Of all patients with TB (9337), the prevalence of smokers was 4313 (46.2%). Among smokers, 3584 (83.1%) were associated with pulmonary TB, while 729 (16.9%) were associated with extrapulmonary TB. Male gender (OR= 1.43, 95% CI 1.30-1.58), Chinese ethnicity (OR= 1.23, 95% CI 1.02-1.49), Sarawak indigenous ethnicity (OR= 0.74, 95% CI 0.58-0.95), urban residents (OR= 1.46, 95% CI 1.33-1.61), employed individuals (OR= 1.21, 95% CI 1.09-1.34), alcoholics (OR= 4.91, 95% CI 4.04-5.96), drug abusers (OR= 7.43, 95% CI 5.70-9.60) and presence of co-morbid condition (OR= 1.27, 95% CI 1.16-1.40) all showed significant association with smoking habits. This study found that 3236 (75.0 %) patients were successfully treated in the smokers' group, while 4004 (79.7 %) patients were non-smokers. The proportion of deaths (6.6%, n=283), defaulters (6.6%, n=284) and treatment interruptions (4.7%, n=204) was higher in the smokers' group. Conclusions: Smoking has a strong influence on TB and is a major barrier towards treatment success (OR= 0.76, 95% CI 0.69-0.84, p< 0.001). Therefore, the findings indicate that smoking cessations are an effective way to decrease treatment failure and drug resistance.

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“…A possible explanation for this finding might be because the men are involved in unhealthy behaviors such as smoking and drinking alcohol. Meanwhile, another study showed that women were significant associated with an unsuccessful outcome [13,14]. Another study that showed no significant association of gender was a study done in Northern Ethiopia [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsuccessful treatment outcome and associated factors among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Kepong district, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Arsad

2021

JHR

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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes among new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients and identify the risk factors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes in Kepong district, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachA retrospective cohort study was conducted using registry-based data from the Tuberculosis Information System (TBIS) between 2014 and 2018. Simple random sampling was used to select 734 males and 380 females from the TBIS registry. Smear-positive PTB patient's sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics were extracted and analyzed. Logistic regression was used to find the possible independent risk factors for unsuccessful treatment outcomes.FindingsThe treatment success rate was 77.20% (n = 860) which was still below the target set by the WHO (>90%). In total, 254 patients showed an unsuccessful treatment outcome: 106 died, 99 defaulted, 47 not evaluated and 2 showed treatment failure. Unsuccessful treatment outcome was significantly associated with older age, male gender, non-citizen, unemployment and being HIV positive.Originality/valueThe study focuses on all these contributing factors of unsuccessful treatment outcome for a better risk assessment and stratification of TB patients and identify effective surveillance and management strategies to strengthen the control programs of tuberculosis in Kepong district.

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Treatment Success among TB/ HIV Co-Infection in North-East Malaysia

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Six-year trend and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Thai Community Hospital

Six-year trend and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Thai Community Hospital

Treatment outcomes and risk factors of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with co-morbidities

Unsuccessful treatment outcome and associated factors among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Kepong district, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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