Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in Thailand

Poovorawan, Yong; Theamboonlers, Apiradee; Chumdermpadetsuk, S; Komolmit, Piyawat; Thong, Chue-Peng

doi:10.1080/00034983.1996.11813043

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The findings that increasing age is associated with increasing prevalence of HEV IgG in some other studies has also been reflected in our results. 30,31 It is, however, intriguing that there is a high rate of subclinical HEV infection in a population in which more than half already had detectable level of IgG in their sera. There are differences in opinion regarding the longevity of the immunity acquired on HEV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis e virus infection in fulminant hepatitis patients and an apparently healthy population in Bangladesh.

Sheikh

Sugitani²,

Kinukawa³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. This is the first study comparing hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Bangladesh in fulminant hepatitis (FH) patients presumed to have a viral cause and in the apparently healthy population. Sera from 22 FH patients were analyzed for antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C and D viruses, and HEV and for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Anti-HEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) was detected in the sera of 63.6% of patients, whereas 35.7% were positive for HBsAg. A high prevalence of HEV infection (83.3%) was noted in the HBV carriers. Serum samples from 273 apparently healthy individuals were tested for antibodies to HAV and HEV. Anti-HEV IgM was detected in 7.3% of the samples. The seroprevalence of HAV differed from that of HEV in the same population because all samples were negative for anti-HAV IgM. These data indicate that HEV infection is highly endemic in Bangladesh.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis e virus infection in fulminant hepatitis patients and an apparently healthy population in Bangladesh.

Sheikh

Sugitani²,

Kinukawa³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…There have been reports of age-specific anti-HEV prevalence from convenience samples, 11,[19][20][21] mixed population samples, 5 and some population-based studies. [22][23][24][25][26][27] Although seroprevalence has differed among the studies, these reports have consistently demonstrated relatively lower seroprevalence in the first decade, rising in the second decade, and then leveling off.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E in two rural Egyptian communities.

Fix

Abdel‐Hamid²,

Purcell³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

112

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Abstract. A population-based serosurvey in two rural Egyptian communities was used to assess age-specific prevalence of antibody to hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV). One community is in the Nile Delta (11,182 inhabitants; 3,997 participants) and the other in Upper Egypt (10,970 inhabitants; 6,029 participants). Samples were tested for anti-HEV with a commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) based on antigens derived from open reading frame (ORF)2 and ORF3. Although there was a clear difference in sensitivity among the lots of the commercial test used, it was still possible to determine the seroprevalence. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV exceeded 60% in the first decade of life, peaked at 76% in the second decade and remained above 60% until the eighth decade. Prevalence of this magnitude is among the highest reported in the world, with an age-specific pattern more similar to hyperendemic hepatitis A virus transmission than generally described. Lot-to-lot variation in the sensitivity of the commercial ELISA kit highlights a problem when comparing seroepidemiologic studies of different populations.

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“…1, according to the comparison involving the results of our previous studies in 1982 [1], 1992 [7], 1996 [8] and 2001 [8], the prevalence of HAV seropositivity dramatically increased in 2016, approximately two decades after the HAV vaccine was made available worldwide (in 1995). According to the group of medical students who had vaccination records (N = 66), the high HAV seropositivity in 2016 was due to HAV immunization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence in medical students in Bangkok, Thailand, from 1981 to 2016

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anti-HAV IgG in Thai medical students in 2016 compared with the previous data and to demonstrate the cross-effective strategy to screen HAV seropositivity.ResultsSera from 176 first-year medical students (age 19.07 ± 0.59 years; 50% female) at a university hospital in Thailand were tested for anti-HAV IgG. Data from HAV vaccination records and questionnaires were also collected. HAV seropositivity was unexpectedly high (62.5%, n = 110). 37.5% (n = 66) had an HAV vaccination record. Of these, 60.6% received the full HAV vaccination series, 4.5% received one HAV vaccination, 34.8% did not receive HAV vaccination, and 3.0% had natural HAV immunity. The long-term efficacy of HAV vaccination was at least 97.5% over a mean of 15.55 ± 2.44 years. There was a significant difference in immunity between students with (66.7%) and without (50.9%) vaccination records (P = 0.028). Most of the student’s parents had a bachelor’s degree or higher (87.9%; n = 272) and above average income (mean 17,000.76 ± 194.22 USD/person/year). Parental education and socioeconomic status influenced vaccination accessibility in these medical students. Screening of vaccination records instead of routine anti-HAV IgG testing is a cost-effective and reliable strategy to determine HAV immunity in medical students in Thailand.

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Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in Thailand

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Hepatitis e virus infection in fulminant hepatitis patients and an apparently healthy population in Bangladesh.

Hepatitis e virus infection in fulminant hepatitis patients and an apparently healthy population in Bangladesh.

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E in two rural Egyptian communities.

Changes in hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence in medical students in Bangkok, Thailand, from 1981 to 2016

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