Prevalence of recurrent herpes labialis in Western Maharashtra

Rani, S R Ashwini; Suragimath, Girish; Rajmane, Vijaya; Rajmane, Yojari R

doi:10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_204_20

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In contrast, during the late follicular phase, ovulation, and in the luteal phase, there is a predominantly Th2 environment, which causes some immunosuppression [ 216 ]. For this reason, during the phases with a predominant Th2 response, greater immunosuppression can appear, causing outbreaks of viral reactivation as occurs, for example, with the herpes simplex virus type 1, which in these phases usually causes vesicles to appear on the lips [ 217 ]. Therefore, if there is a previous immunodeficiency, it would worsen during these phases.…”

Section: Sex Differences In Immunodeficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein–Barr virus-acquired immunodeficiency in myalgic encephalomyelitis—Is it present in long COVID?

Ruiz-Pablos,

Paiva,

Zabaleta

2023

J Transl Med

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Both myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and long COVID (LC) are characterized by similar immunological alterations, persistence of chronic viral infection, autoimmunity, chronic inflammatory state, viral reactivation, hypocortisolism, and microclot formation. They also present with similar symptoms such as asthenia, exercise intolerance, sleep disorders, cognitive dysfunction, and neurological and gastrointestinal complaints. In addition, both pathologies present Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) reactivation, indicating the possibility of this virus being the link between both pathologies. Therefore, we propose that latency and recurrent EBV reactivation could generate an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in three steps: first, an acquired EBV immunodeficiency develops in individuals with “weak” EBV HLA-II haplotypes, which prevents the control of latency I cells. Second, ectopic lymphoid structures with EBV latency form in different tissues (including the CNS), promoting inflammatory responses and further impairment of cell-mediated immunity. Finally, immune exhaustion occurs due to chronic exposure to viral antigens, with consolidation of the disease. In the case of LC, prior to the first step, there is the possibility of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with “weak” HLA-II haplotypes against this virus and/or EBV.

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Section: Sex Differences In Immunodeficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein–Barr virus-acquired immunodeficiency in myalgic encephalomyelitis—Is it present in long COVID?

Ruiz-Pablos,

Paiva,

Zabaleta

2023

J Transl Med

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“…The prevalence of OSMF is higher in the Asia-Pacific region and lower in Europe and the United States. In Manipal, India, the prevalence of OSMF among males aged 40-60 years was approximately 2% [3], while in aboriginal communities in southern Taiwan, it was approximately 17.6% [4]. The diagnosis of OSMF relies on clinical symptoms and histopathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simvastatin Attenuates Areca Nut Extract-Induced Subdermal Fibrosis in Mice by Targeting TGF-β Signaling Pathways

Chang,

Lin,

Chen

et al. 2023

CIMB

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Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic inflammatory disease and a potentially malignant oral disorder, characterized by fibrosis of the oral mucosa. TGF-β signaling pathways have been implicated in the development of OSMF, with areca nut extract (ANE) contributing to the disease progression. Simvastatin, a statin drug, has demonstrated anti-fibrotic properties in various fibrotic conditions. However, its therapeutic potential in treating OSMF remains unclear. In this study, 8-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups based on different time points. Each mouse was then treated with four different drug formulations. Post-treatment, specimens were collected for histopathological examination and staining to assess skin thickness, fibrosis, and collagen deposition. ANE treatment alone significantly increased skin thickness and collagen deposition compared to the control group after the 4-week time point. The combined administration of ANE and simvastatin, resulted in a notable reduction in skin thickness and collagen deposition. Western blot analysis revealed that simvastatin effectively suppressed the expression of fibrosis-related proteins, including CTGF, and α-SMA, in ANE-induced subdermal fibrosis. These results suggest that simvastatin has potential therapeutic effects on ANE-induced subdermal fibrosis, providing a foundation for future studies and possible clinical applications.

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“…However, the incidence of cold sores is considerably lower than the infection rates, as the infection is often present in a latent form. The average incidence is 1.6 per 1000 patients per year and its prevalence is 2.5 per 1000 patients per year [4,5]. Approximately one-third of all infected patients suffer relapses [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average incidence is 1.6 per 1000 patients per year and its prevalence is 2.5 per 1000 patients per year [4,5]. Approximately one-third of all infected patients suffer relapses [4][5][6][7]. Although most individuals with recurrent cold sores have up to two episodes in an entire year, 5-10% has at least six recurrences per annum [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical-Grade Honey Outperforms Conventional Treatments for Healing Cold Sores—A Clinical Study

et al. 2021

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Cold sores are nasolabial blisters caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Novel therapies demonstrating simultaneously antiviral activity and improved wound healing are warranted. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of medical-grade honey (MGH) for treating HSV-induced cold sores. A crossover trial was performed in patients with recurrent cold sores (n = 29). The majority (65.6%) of these patients experience four or more episodes per year, thus forming a valid self-control group. In this study, patients applied an MGH-based formulation (L-Mesitran Soft) on their cold sore at the onset of symptoms (62.1%) or appearing of blister (37.9%) and compared it to their conventional treatments. After complete healing, patients filled in a questionnaire evaluating healing, pain, and itching. The average absolute healing time was 72.4% slower with conventional treatment (10.0 days) compared to MGH (5.8 days). After MGH treatment, 86.2% of all patients experienced faster objective healing (6.9% similar and 6.9% slower) and the subjective healing score was higher in 79.3% of the patients (20.7% similar). If the patients normally experience pain and itching during their cold sores, these levels were lower with MGH therapy compared to conventional treatment in 72.7% and 71.4% of the patients, respectively. Moreover, 100% of the patients prefer MGH treatment over conventional treatment and will use it again on future cold sores. MGH is a promising alternative treatment for cold sores, likely by combining both increased antiviral and wound healing activities while alleviating pain and itching.

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Prevalence of recurrent herpes labialis in Western Maharashtra

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Epstein–Barr virus-acquired immunodeficiency in myalgic encephalomyelitis—Is it present in long COVID?

Epstein–Barr virus-acquired immunodeficiency in myalgic encephalomyelitis—Is it present in long COVID?

Simvastatin Attenuates Areca Nut Extract-Induced Subdermal Fibrosis in Mice by Targeting TGF-β Signaling Pathways

Medical-Grade Honey Outperforms Conventional Treatments for Healing Cold Sores—A Clinical Study

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