Prevalence of Virulence-Related Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis

Peerayeh, Shahin Najar; Moghadas, Ali Jazayeri; Behmanesh, Mehrdad

doi:10.5812/jjm.30593

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The supernatant was used as the template DNA in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA was measured using a BioPhotometer (Eppendorf, Germany) to determine the concentration and purity (2,28,29).…”

Section: Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, S. epidermidis is identified as one of the bacterial causes of opportunistic pathogen in implant-associated and nosocomial infections and regarded as one of the top nosocomial infection causes (1,2). Quorum-sensing systems are considered as important mechanisms for pathogenesis and bacterial communication (3,4). The accessory gene regulator (agr) system is one of the best known quorum-sensing systems in staphylococci (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staphylococcus epidermidis, Clonality and Accessory Gene Regulator Diversity in Clinical Isolates

Peerayeh

Behmanesh

Moghadas

2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Quorum-sensing systems are considered as important mechanisms for pathogenesis and bacterial communication. The accessory gene regulator (agr) is one of the quorum-sensing systems in staphylococci, which is generally conserved. It is believed that there is a correlation between agr groups and infection. Multiple-locus VNTR analysis is a method for bacterial typing, previously applied for several different species of bacteria. This study aimed at determining the diversity of Staphylococcus epidermidis accessory gene regulator and clonality in clinical isolates from intensive care unit patients, Tehran, Iran. Methods: A total of 59 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates were obtained from intensive care unit patients. The MLVA was performed for S. epidermidis isolates, using seven VNTR loci, including SE2395, SE0331, SE 828, SE1632, SE0175, Se2, and Se4. Specific primers were used for agr diversity determination. Results: The agr type I was observed in 29 (49%), while each of the agr type II and agr type III were observed in 10 (17%). Furthermore, 10 (17%) isolates were untypeable with using primers. In total, 49 MLVA genotypes were discriminated. Isolates were classified to six clonal complexes. Of the 59 isolate, 33 were included in clonal complex 1 (CC1), the largest of which harbored 15 (45.4%) agr type I. Conclusions: Agr type I was observed in the majority of the isolates. The MLVA results of this study suggest that there was a clone with 33 samples, comprised of 56% of isolates; smaller clones each comprised of two to seven isolates, and four isolates in the form of singleton. It seems that big clone isolates were settled in the intensive care unit (ICU), and singleton isolates entered the ward by visitors or medical personnel and caused infection.

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Section: Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus epidermidis, Clonality and Accessory Gene Regulator Diversity in Clinical Isolates

Peerayeh

Behmanesh

Moghadas

2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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“…Except for Pseudomonas stutzeri a rare opportunistic pathogen commonly isolated from blood, wound, respiration tract, and urine, and S . epidermidis which has evolved as an important cause of nosocomial infection, its pathogenicity mainly due to the ability to form biofilms on indwelling medical devices increasing resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics therefore difficult to eradicate which could predispose patients to complicated UTIs [ 30 ]. S .…”

Section: Discussion Study Limitation Recommendation Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial colonization, species diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of indwelling urinary catheters from postpartum mothers attending a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Uganda

et al. 2022

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Background Postpartum urinary Catheter-Related Infections (CRIs) are a significant cause of maternal sepsis. Several studies done have reported the presence of mixed populations of bacteria with a significant increase in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae spps, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria in urine and blood cultures of catheterized patients despite the use of prophylactic antibiotics. This study aimed at determining the bacterial species diversity and susceptibility patterns of indwelling urinary catheters from postpartum mothers attending Mbale Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH). Methods A cross-sectional study employing quantitative and qualitative was carried out in MRRH among postpartum mothers with urinary catheters and their care-takers. The purposive non-random sampling strategy was used to collect data using an interviewer-administered questionnaire for the quantitative data collection and in-depth interviews for qualitative data collection. All the data collection tools used were developed, pretested and validated. At the point of de-catheterization, Catheter tips from enrolled participants were cut about 2-3cm below the balloon aseptically into test-tube containing peptone water, sonication technique employed, and incubation done 24hours then cultured to ensure phenotypic identification. An antibiotic sensitivity test was performed using the disc diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Quantitative data collected was entered in Microsoft Excel and then exported to STATA14 for statistical analysis. Thematic analysis was used to analyse and organise qualitative data by an inductive coding method using Nvivo 12 software. Results In this study, 208 postpartum mothers participated, the majority of whom were caesarean section mothers of age range 20–24 years and 17 care-takers with a median age of 32 years. The prevalence of catheter tips bacterial colonisation was 98% despite 88.5% of the participants being on broad-spectrum antibiotics. The average duration of catheterisation was 2 days. All bacteria isolates were potential uro-pathogens with a mean occurrence of 2 bacteria species in each urinary catheter tip. The rates of MDR to commonly used antibiotics were high. The urinary catheter size of greater than F14 and duration of catheterization greater than 2 days were significantly associated with the number of bacterial species isolated from each sample. The maintenance care and knowledge of care-urinary catheter care among the care-takers was found sub-optimal. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of catheter colonisation with bacterial spps diversity averaging 2 spps per sample despite use of broad spectrum antibiotics. The MDR rates were high, which calls for routine culture and sensitivity. Health workers practicing obstetric medicine need to pay attention to catheter sizes during catheterisation and its duration. Health education should be part of antenatal and postnatal care education.

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The frequency of adherence, biofilm-associated, Arginine Catabolic Mobile element genes, and biofilm formation in clinical and healthcare worker coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates

et al. 2023

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Background Healthcare workers may pave the way for increased infections in hospitalized patients by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance are the major problems posed by CoNS in nosocomial infections. In this study, we determined biofilm production level and the distribution of biofilm-associated and virulence genes, including icaADBC, aap, bhp, atlE, embp, and fbe, as well as IS256, IS257, mecA, and ACME clusters (arc-A, opp-3AB) among 114 clinical (n = 57) and healthcare workers (n = 57) CoNS isolates in Kerman, Iran. Results In this study, more than 80% (n = 96) of isolates were methicillin-resistant CoNS (MR-CoNS). Out of 114 isolates, 33% (n = 38) were strong biofilm producers. Strong biofilm formation was found to be significantly different between clinical and healthcare workers’ isolates (P < 0.050). In addition, 28% (n = 32) of isolates were positive for icaADBC simultaneously, and all were strong biofilm producers. The prevalence of icaADBC, mecA, bhp, fbe, and IS256 in clinical isolates was higher than that in healthcare workers’ isolates (P < 0.050). A significant relationship was observed between clinical isolates and the presence of icaADBC, mecA, bhp, and IS256. Although these elements were detected in healthcare workers’ isolates, they were more frequent in clinical isolates compared to those of healthcare workers. Conclusions The high prevalence of ACME clusters in healthcare workers’ isolates and biofilm formation of these isolates partially confirms the bacterial colonization in the skin of healthcare workers. Isolating MR-CoNS from healthcare workers’ skin through similar genetic elements to clinical isolates, such as icaADBC, mecA, and IS256, calls for appropriate strategies to control and prevent hospital infections.

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Prevalence of Virulence-Related Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Staphylococcus epidermidis, Clonality and Accessory Gene Regulator Diversity in Clinical Isolates

Staphylococcus epidermidis, Clonality and Accessory Gene Regulator Diversity in Clinical Isolates

Bacterial colonization, species diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of indwelling urinary catheters from postpartum mothers attending a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Uganda

The frequency of adherence, biofilm-associated, Arginine Catabolic Mobile element genes, and biofilm formation in clinical and healthcare worker coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates

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