Prevalence of Vitiligo and Associated Comorbidities in Korea

Abstract

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Purpose: Vitiligo prevalence and its associated comorbidities rate have been reported variably among different populations. We aimed to determine the prevalence of vitiligo in Korea along with the baseline rate of comorbidities and compared the risks to the general population using hospital visit information of the total population in Korea. Materials and Methods: We assessed demographic characteristics of vitiligo patients in Korean population from 2009 to 2011 in a nationwide data from Health Insurance Review Assessment Service. Patients who had at least one visit to Korea's primary, secondary, or tertiary referral hospitals with International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code for vitiligo were identified. As a supplementary study, comorbidities associated with vitiligo were selected for further review to calculate relative risks compared to the general population. Results: The annual prevalence of vitiligo determined by hospital-visiting rate in Korea was 0.12% to 0.13% over a three year period. In sync with other previous epidemiological studies, there was bimodal distribution among the age groups and no difference between genders. Also, vitiligo in Korean population was associated with various autoimmune/non-autoimmune diseases such as thyroiditis, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. Conclusion: This study was by far the most comprehensive review on prevalence of vitiligo using a data of total population in Korea. The prevalence is within a range of those reported in previous literatures, and increased risk of comorbidities such as thyroid diseases and psoriasis in vitiligo might aid clinicians in the initial work up of vitiligo patients and concurrent follow ups.

Association of HLA-DRB1*1201/02, DRB1*0701/02, DQA1*0302 and DQB1*0303 Alleles with population Uygur patients of vitiligo

“…Vitiligo, which is one of the most common pigmentation disorders, is a multifactorial, depigmenting disorder of the skin characterized by a loss of functional melanocytes, resulting in the appearance of milkywhite patches on the skin [1]. Multiple HLA-II alleles have been found to be associated with vitiligo in different populations [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Brief History of Ultra-light Scalar Dark Matter Models

“…The effect of embedding a supermassive black hole in a SFDM halo was considered in [88]. It was also argued that this model can explain the M-sigma relation of supermassive black holes [89].…”

Vitiligo and autoimmune diseases

“…Dane dotyczące częstości występowania choroby są rozbieżne -od 0,4% do 2% [1][2][3][4][5]. Tylko nieliczne prace wskazują na wyższy odsetek, nawet do 8 [6].…”

“…W przypadku współwystępowania łuszczycy i reumatoidalnego zapalenia stawów wyniki są rozbieżne. Prezentowane są zarówno doniesienia o podobnej, jak i wyższej częstości [1,7,[11][12][13]16]. W badaniach przedstawionych przez autorów z Japonii wykazano współistnienie vitiligo z łysieniem plackowatym wynoszące 5,3% [2].…”

“…Podobne wartości uzyskano w badaniach przeprowadzonych w Chinach i Indiach, podczas gdy w Turcji czy też w analizie obejmującej rasę kaukaską wartość ta była znacznie mniejsza -zaledwie 0,9% [8,11]. Do chorób rzadziej występujących z bielactwem, ale wciąż o znaczących wartościach, należą toczeń rumieniowaty układowy (SLE) (0,19%), zapalenie skórno-mięś-niowe, twardzina, miastenia oraz atopowe zapalenie skóry [1,7,11,12]. Z badań przeprowadzonych przez różne ośrodki wynika, że zależność między występowaniem niedokrwistości złośliwej, chorób zapalnych jelit (choroba Leśniowskiego-Crohna i wrzodziejące zapalenie jelita grubego), zespołu Sjögrena oraz celiakii a bielactwem nie istnieje lub jest znikoma.…”