Prevalence, Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Gallibacterium Anatis Isolated From Layer.

AAbdElTawab, Ashraf; MHassan, Waffaa; MElShemy, Mariam

doi:10.21474/ijar01/8226

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Amoxicillin, neomycin, and sulfonamide-trimethoprim resistance levels were superior in G. anatis than in P. multocida (Jones et al 2013 ). Resistance to tetracycline could be due to the genes tet B, tet H, and tet L, which have been detected in strains of G. anatis (Abd El Tawab et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Prevention and Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallibacterium anatis infection in poultry: a comprehensive review

Abd El-Ghany,

Algammal,

Hetta

et al. 2023

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Gallibacterium anatis (G. anatis), a member of the Pasteurellaceae family, normally inhabits the upper respiratory and lower genital tracts of poultry. However, under certain circumstances of immunosuppression, co-infection (especially with Escherichia coli or Mycoplasma), or various stressors, G. anatis caused respiratory, reproductive, and systemic diseases. Infection with G. anatis has emerged in different countries worldwide. The bacterium affects mainly chickens; however, other species of domestic and wild birds may get infected. Horizontal, vertical, and venereal routes of G. anatis infection have been reported. The pathogenicity of G. anatis is principally related to the presence of some essential virulence factors such as Gallibacterium toxin A, fimbriae, haemagglutinin, outer membrane vesicles, capsule, biofilms, and protease. The clinical picture of G. anatis infection is mainly represented as tracheitis, oophoritis, salpingitis, and peritonitis, while other lesions may be noted in cases of concomitant infection. Control of such infection depends mainly on applying biosecurity measures and vaccination. The antimicrobial sensitivity test is necessary for the correct treatment of G. anatis. However, the development of multiple drug resistance is common. This review article sheds light on G. anatis regarding history, susceptibility, dissemination, virulence factors, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, and control measures.

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Section: Prevention and Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%