Prevalence, Risk Behaviors, and Virological Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in a Group of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Brazil: Results from a Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey

Oliveira, Murielly Marques de; Matos, Márcia Alves Dias de; Silva, Ágabo M C; Lopes, Carmen Luci Rodrigues; Teles, Sheila Araújo; Matos, Marcos André de; Spitz, Natália; Araújo, Natalia M.; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani; Kerr, Lígia Regina Franco Sansigolo; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160916

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Specifically, the sexual mode of HIV transmission was dominant in the group with HIV mono-infection, and in those with HBV co-infection, while in patients with HCV co-infection the IVDU was the most prevalent one. These data confirm that HBV co-infection is more frequent in the population of MSM [36,37], and HCV in the population of IVDU [32,38], which might change the epidemiological situation in Serbia in the future. Unlike the beginning of the AIDS epidemic in Serbia, when the prevailing transmission of infection was through blood, especially IVDU [26], at the present time the prevailing mode of transmission is through sexual contacts, primarily homosexual [26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with HIV Mono-infection Versus Patients Co-infected with HCV or/and HBV: A Serbian Cohort Study

Ranin

Salemović

Brmbolic

et al. 2018

CHR

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with HIV Mono-infection Versus Patients Co-infected with HCV or/and HBV: A Serbian Cohort Study

Ranin

Salemović

Brmbolic

et al. 2018

CHR

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“…Concerning hepatitis B, though the prevalence of lifetime HBV infection suggests a low HBV endemicity among the sugarcane cutters investigated, it should be emphasized this prevalence was slightly higher than that estimated in the urban population (20 to 69 year) from the Midwest (12.4%; 95% CI: 11.1–14.3) and Northeast (12.1%; 95% CI: 10.5–13.9) regions of Brazil [ 24 ]. On the other hand, this prevalence was similar to that reported recently in populations at risk for STIs, such as sex workers (17.1%; 95% CI: 11.6–23.4) [ 25 ] and men who have sex with men (MSM) (15.4%; 95% CI: 8.7–25.8) in Goiás [ 26 ]. In addition, seven individuals were HBsAg positive, being therefore potential disseminators of HBV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Epidemiology of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C among manual cane cutters in low-income regions of Brazil

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIn recent decades the epidemic of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections has extended deep into Brazil, including small towns and rural areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C viruses (HCV), and to evaluate immunization coverage against hepatitis B in a group of rural workers in Brazil.MethodsIn 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 937 manual sugarcane cutters of the Midwest and Northeast Regions of Brazil. All individuals were interviewed and screened for HIV, syphilis, HBV and HCV. Correlating factors with lifetime HBV infection were investigated using logistic regression. Positive Predictive Values, Negative Predictive Values, sensitivity and specificity were also calculated relative to vaccination against Hepatitis B, comparing anti-HBs titers to vaccination reports.ResultsMost reported previous hospitalization (55%), occupational injuries (54%), sharing of personal items (45.8%), alcohol consumption (77.2%), multiple sexual partners in previous 12 months (39.8%), and no condom use during sexual intercourse in last 12 months (46.5%). Only 0.2% reported using injection drugs. Anti-HIV-1 was detected in three individuals (0.3%). Serological markers of lifetime syphilis (treponemal test) were detected in 2.5% (95% CI: 1.6–3.6) of participants, and active syphilis (treponemal test and VDRL) present in 1.2%. No samples were positive for anti-HCV. The prevalence of lifetime HBV infection (current or past infection) was 15.9%, and 0.7% (95% CI 0.4 to 1.5) were HBsAg-positive. Previous hospitalization (OR 1.53, CI 1.05–2.24, p < 0.01) and multiple sexual partners in the last 12 months (OR 1.80, CI 1.25–2.60, p < 0.01) were predictors for lifetime HBV infection. Although 46.7% (95% CI 43.4–49.9) of individuals reported having been vaccinated against hepatitis B, only 20.6% (95% CI 18.1–23.3) showed serological evidence of previous hepatitis B vaccination (positive for anti-HBs alone).ConclusionsThe high prevalence of syphilis and HBV compared to the general population and the high frequency of risk behaviors show the potential for sexual and parenteral dissemination of these agents in this rural population. In addition, the low frequency of hepatitis B vaccinated individuals suggests a need for improved vaccination services.

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“…That is why majority of epidemiological studies found association between increased age of participants and HBV infection. [ 20 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B infection and associated risk factors among drug users in drop-in centers of Isfahan, Iran

et al. 2018

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Background:Scientists perceive drug users (DUs) as a high-risk population for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Effective strategies aiming at the reduction of HBV infection can be depicted when its epidemiological status is clearly defined. The present study provides new insight into associated risk factors of HBV infection and its seroepidemiological status among DUs attending drop-in centers (DICs).Methods:This was a cross-sectional study, which was implemented in 7 DICs of Isfahan province. The sample size included 539 participants. Demographic data and risk factors for HBV infection were obtained by a trained social worker using a self-made structured questionnaire. Venous blood sample was obtained and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody, and total hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Mean age of the participants was 31.76 ± 8.4 years. They were generally male, Iranian, urban, with an education level of high school or less. The prevalence of HBV infection (HBsAg and/or HBcAb) was 18% (88.490). Regression analysis showed that age, bloodletting, and drug injection, being the sexual partner of injecting DU (IDU), as well as frequency and duration of imprisonment positively correlated with HBV infection.Conclusions:Drug injection bloodletting, and being the sexual partner of IDU, as well as frequency and duration of imprisonment could be considered as contributing factors in HBV infection.

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Prevalence, Risk Behaviors, and Virological Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in a Group of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Brazil: Results from a Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with HIV Mono-infection Versus Patients Co-infected with HCV or/and HBV: A Serbian Cohort Study

Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with HIV Mono-infection Versus Patients Co-infected with HCV or/and HBV: A Serbian Cohort Study

Epidemiology of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C among manual cane cutters in low-income regions of Brazil

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B infection and associated risk factors among drug users in drop-in centers of Isfahan, Iran

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