Prevalencia de diabetes y descontrol glucémico en México: resultados de la Ensanut 2016

Abstract

Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de diabetes (total, diag­nosticada y no diagnosticada), de descontrol glucémico en México y sus factores asociados. Material y métodos. Se analizaron 3 700 adultos participantes en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de 2016. Se estimaron las prevalencias con ponderadores poblacionales y los factores asociados con diabetes total y descontrol glucémico con modelos de regresión de Poisson. Resultados. La prevalencia total de diabetes fue de 13.7% (9.5% diagnosticada, 4.1% no diagnos­ticada); 68.2% de los diagnosticados presentó descontrol glucémico. Mayor tiempo de diagnóstico, vivir en el centro/ sur del país y ser atendido en farmacias se asoció con des­control glucémico, mientras que ser atendido en los servicios de seguridad social se asoció con mejor control glucémico. Conclusión. Se requieren esfuerzos multisectoriales para fortalecer el tamizaje, diagnóstico oportuno y control de la enfermedad, considerando las diferencias por región y tipo de servicio de salud.

Current State of Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Latin America: Challenges and Innovative Solutions to Improve Health Outcomes Across the Continent

“…Most individuals reported taking oral antihyperglycemic medications either as monotherapy or as a combination of oral medications, while a smaller percent reported using insulin alone or in combination with oral medications. Five (5%) to 12.9% only followed diet/exercise prescription [161,163,167,176,179,186], and 3.2 to 10.1% were not taking any medications [41,104,168,169,175]. Receiving or adhering to pharmacological treatment was positively associated with having health insurance [71], and receiving medical care in private rather than public health care settings [71,187].…”

High Mortality Among Health Personnel With COVID-19 in Mexico

“…4 Applying these data in our country we know that in Mexico there is a prevalence of 13.7% for diabetes, 25.5% for high blood pressure (HBP), and 31.6% for obesity. [5][6][7] This puts Mexico above the world prevalence with 8.7%, 26% and 13%, respectively. [8][9][10] The prevalence of these comorbidities could explain why Mexico is the first country in mortality of health workers due to COVID-19.…”

G6PC2 rs560887 Gene Variant is Associated with Fasting Blood Glucose in the Admixed Mexican Population

“…The Quanto software version 1.2.4 (http://biostats.usc.edu/ Quanto.html, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA) was used to perform a power analysis considering prevalence of the disease to be 13.7% [4], and means and standard deviations for glucose (99 + 10.9 mg/dl) and HbA1c (4.8+0.9%) for the case-control and continuous outcome designs, respectively. Power analysis was done for gene only, under additive, dominant and recessive inheritance models using the SNPs allele frequency reported in this study (0.09), obtaining power of 80% to detect 0.6 ≤ OR ≤0.7 OR≥1.4 and β≥1.5.…”

“…Pre-diabetes (pre-DM) is a reversible condition characterized by high blood glucose and/or glycosylated hemog-lobin (HbA1c), but not high enough to diagnose T2D (glucose>126 mg/dl, HbA1c≥6.5%) [1,2]. About 70% of patients with pre-DM will progress to type-2 diabetes (T2D) [2,3], a disease whose prevalence in Mexico is 13.7% [4]. Thus, there is an urgent need to focus on the treatment and prevention of pre-DM to decrease the likelihood of T2D onset.…”