Prevalência de transtornos mentais e fatores associados em gestantes

Abstract

Objective: To identify the prevalence of mental disorders and associated factors in pregnant women. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 394 pregnant women, randomly and proportionally selected. Data were collected during home visits, using a semi-structured questionnaire. Bivariate logistic regression was used for the analysis. Results: A total of 51 pregnant women (12.94%) were diagnosed with mental disorder and this number was significantly higher among those between 19 and 30 years of age, unmarried, white skin colored, who were in the second trimester of pregnancy, had a chronic disease associated and had been hospitalized during the current pregnancy. Nine of them were taking psychotropic drugs, and antidepressants were the most commonly used drug. Conclusion: The prevalence of self-reported mental disorders was 12.94% and the associated variables were: age, marital status, skin color, pregnancy trimester, hospitalization during pregnancy and chronic disease. ResumoObjetivo: Identificar a prevalência de transtornos mentais e fatores associados em gestantes. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 394 gestantes, selecionadas de forma aleatória e proporcional. Os dados foram coletados nos domicílios, com aplicação de questionário semiestruturado. Para a análise foi utilizada a regressão logística bivariada. Resultados: Referiram diagnóstico de transtorno mental 51 gestantes (12,94%) e isto foi significativamente maior entre aquelas com idade entre 19 e 30 anos, sem companheiro, de cor branca, que estavam no segundo trimestre de gestação, tinha alguma doença crônica associada e foi internada na gestação atual. Nove delas faziam uso de psicofármacos, sendo os antidepressivos os mais utilizados. Conclusão: A prevalência de transtornos mentais auto-referido foi de 12,94% e as variáveis associadas foram: idade, situação conjugal, cor, trimestre de gestação, internação durante a gestação e doença crônica.

Prevalence of common mental disorder and associated factors among pregnant women in South-East Ethiopia, 2017: a community based cross-sectional study

“…Lastly, in this study, pregnant women with a history of chronic medical illness were vulnerable for CMD, which are similar with the findings of a study conducted in Brazil, Maringa and Parana [20]. Women with chronic illnesses are more worried about their sickness and also remain detached from the social life, hence causing a disturbed mental state.…”

“…The overall prevalence of CMD during pregnancy from our study finding was 35.8% (95% CI: 34–38%), which is higher than the studies conducted in Maringa Parana (12.9%) [20], Brazil (20.2%) [21], Pakistan (18%) [22], Peru (30%), Vietnam (21%), India (30%) [23], Nigeria (7%) [24] and Kilimanjaro (28.8%) [25], and slightly lower than reported in Tanzania (39.5%) [26] and in the two Cape Town’s peri-urban settlements (39%) [27]. These differences in CMD prevalence might be attributed to differences in measurement tools used, level of knowledge and understanding of the participants, sample size and socio-cultural and economic variations.…”

Aspectos da gestação e puerpério de mulheres com transtornos mentais

“…Some behaviors have also been observed in pregnant women, such as the use of tobacco and alcohol during pregnancy, often generating a harmful triad to fetal development composed by the abuse of harmful substances, risk factors and low pre-natal follow-up index. 15,25 It is also mentioned in the literature that the risk of children of mothers with major mental disorders presenting congenital malformation is 63% higher when compared to that of children of mothers without mental disorders, such a contribution contributing to the association between risk of congenital malformation and maternal mental disorders. 4 They relate the early interruption of breastfeeding, the insomnia of the child and its difficulty to feed on the maternal depressive symptoms.…”

<b>A saúde sexual de mulheres com transtornos mentais: rompendo tabus / The sexual health of mentally challenged women: breaking taboos<b>

“…A gestação configura-se por um momento de transição para qualquer mulher e toda gravidezapresenta algum grau de risco, seja habitual ou alto risco, classificação na qual se incluem, entre outras, as mulheres que apresentam transtornos mentais que necessitam de acompanhamento (11) .…”

“…Os riscos gestacionais em mulheres com transtorno mental podem serpotencializados em razão da condição de risco social e emocional destas, portanto, torna-se importante a implantação de serviços especializados para o acompanhamento adequado dessa população (11) . No sentido de auxiliar as mulheres a viver este período,os profissionais devem preparar-se para assistir as necessidades das diferentes mulheres com distintos graus de transtorno.…”