Prevention and treatment strategies for type 2 diabetes based on regulating intestinal flora

Xie, Dandan; Zhao, Xiaotong; Chen, Mingwei

doi:10.5582/bst.2021.01275

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Importantly, modulation of glucose metabolism is not only a marker of the MFB phenotype but also contributes to activation. 1,78 aHSCs in primary culture significantly enhance glucose transportation and glycolysis activity. 79 Intriguingly, glucose transporters, including pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 (PDK3), 79 glucose transporter (GLUT) 1, 79 GLUT2, 80 and GLUT4 81 are expressed in primary mouse HSCs and human LX-2 cells.…”

Section: Glucose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Hepatic Stellate Cell-derived Exosomes in Liver Diseases

Yin¹,

Li²,

Song³

et al. 2022

J Clin Transl Hepatol

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Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play an essential role in various liver diseases, and exosomes are critical mediators of intercellular communication in local and distant microenvironments. Cellular crosstalk between HSCs and surrounding multiple tissue-resident cells promotes or inhibits the activation of HSCs. Substantial evidence has revealed that HSC-derived exosomes are involved in the occurrence and development of liver diseases through the regulation of retinoid metabolism, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, protein metabolism, and mitochondrial metabolism. HSCderived exosomes are underpinned by vehicle molecules, such as mRNAs and microRNAs, that function in, and significantly affect, the processes of various liver diseases, such as acute liver injury, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, fibrosis, and cancer. As such, numerous exosomes derived from HSCs or HSCassociated exosomes have attracted attention because of their biological roles and translational applications as potential targets for therapeutic targets. Herein, we review the pathophysiological and metabolic processes associated with HSC-derived exosomes, their roles in various liver diseases and their potential clinical application.

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Section: Glucose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Hepatic Stellate Cell-derived Exosomes in Liver Diseases

Yin¹,

Li²,

Song³

et al. 2022

J Clin Transl Hepatol

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“…Intestinal microflora disorders and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism are important etiological factors in T2DM [ 10 ]. Recent studies show that inflammatory markers are correlated with the diabetic control indices, i.e., glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in the diabetic population [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Effect of Abdominal Massage Therapy on Blood Glucose and Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Xie

Huan

Sang

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical effects of abdominal massage on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its influence on the intestinal microflora. We conducted a randomized, controlled clinical trial. A total of 60 patients with T2DM, who met the inclusion criteria, were randomly allocated to the control group, the routine massage group, and the abdominal massage group. The control group received health education and maintained their hypoglycemic drug treatment plan. The routine massage group and the abdominal massage group received different massage interventions. In addition to glucose and lipid metabolism indicators, we quantitatively analyzed the gut microbiota to assess the effects of massage on the intestinal microflora of patients with T2DM. Compared with the control group, the abdominal massage improved levels of glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, Enterobacter, and Bifidobacteria with significant differences ( P = 0.02 , P = 0.03 , P = 0.03 , and P = 0.03 ). The comparison within group showed that the levels of the four bacterial genera in the abdominal massage group revealed significant differences before and after treatment ( P = 0.006 , P < 0.001 , P < 0.001 , and P = 0.002 ). The comparison between the routine massage group and the abdominal massage group was not significantly different in all levels of test indices. The abdominal massage group regulated levels of Enterobacter and Lactobacilli to a greater extent than the routine massage group. Additionally, abdominal massage decreased Enterococcus levels. The results of this study showed that abdominal massage has clinical advantages over routine massage. Specifically, this intervention may correct microflora disturbances to a certain extent.

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“…A growing number of evidences have proven that the gut microbiota compositions in lean and obese populations are significantly different (Tsukumo, Carvalho, Carvalho & Saad, 2015). The changes in gut microbiota composition and structure, such as the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio alteration, could affect intestinal function, host metabolism and signal transduction pathways, resulting in obesity, IR and eventually diabetes (He et al, 2022;Xie, Zhao & Chen, 2021).…”

Section: Reversinggut Microbiota Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights of active constituents from herbs and nutraceuticals and their mechanisms in obesity-induced insulin resistance

Lin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Insulin resistance (IR) is a main etiology of various metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease. IR is a multi-factorial etiology disease regulated by various mechanisms. Obesity, a significant public health problem worldwide, is considered as a high-risk factor to induce IR and T2DM. Thus, inhibiting obesity-induced IR is one of the key therapeutic strategies to improve T2DM. Natural products from herbs and nutraceuticals have shown promising efficacy on obesity-induced IR and T2DM owing to its multi-component and multi-target characteristics. However, the active constituents and the action mechanisms are still not yet well elucidated. In this review, the natural constituents with protective capacities against IR were summarized. The active constituents include crude extracts such as polyphenols, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, as well as monomeric compounds such as curcumin, berberine, capsaicin, naringenin, quercetin, betaine and isoliquiritigenin. The action mechanisms of these active constituents could be mainly divided into 4 categories: ameliorating metabolic abnormality, inhibiting inflammation, reversing gut microbiota dysbiosis, regulating micro RNAs (miRNAs). Their precise roles in regulating PI3K/AKT, AMPK, PPARs, SIRT1 and NF-κB pathways, brown adipose tissue activity and white adipose tissue browning, NLRP3 inflammasome activity, gut microbiota structure and composition and miRNA expression were discussed. The sources, chemical structures, experimental models, pharmacological effects and action targets of these active constituents were also summarized. This review provides new active constituents, therapeutic targets and reasoning for the clinical application of herbs and nutraceuticals in the treatment of IR and T2DM.

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Prevention and treatment strategies for type 2 diabetes based on regulating intestinal flora

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Hepatic Stellate Cell-derived Exosomes in Liver Diseases

Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Hepatic Stellate Cell-derived Exosomes in Liver Diseases

Clinical Effect of Abdominal Massage Therapy on Blood Glucose and Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

New insights of active constituents from herbs and nutraceuticals and their mechanisms in obesity-induced insulin resistance

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