Preventive effect of fermented black ginseng against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Abstract

BackgroundFermented black ginseng (FBG) is processed ginseng by the repeated heat treatment and fermentation of raw ginseng. The protective effect and mechanism of FBG on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated to evaluate its therapeutic potential.MethodsThe free radical scavenging activity of FBG was measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). In addition, the protective effect against cisplatin-induced renal damage was tested in rats. FBG was orally administered every day at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight for 10 d, and a single dose of cisplatin was administered intraperitoneally (7.5 mg/kg body weight) with 0.9% saline on the 4th d.ResultsThe DPPH radical-scavenging activity of FBG (IC50 = 384 μg/mL) was stronger than that of raw ginseng. The improved DPPH radical-scavenging activity was mediated by the generation phenolic compounds. The decreased cell viability by cisplatin was recovered significantly after treatment with FBG in a dose-dependent manner. Then, the protective effect of FBG on cisplatin-induced oxidative renal damage was investigated in rats. The decreased creatinine clearance levels, which are a reliable marker for renal dysfunction in cisplatin-treated rats, were reduced to the normal level after the administration of FBG. Moreover, FBG showed protective effects against cisplatin-induced oxidative renal damage in rats through the inhibition of NF-κB/p65, COX-2, and caspase-3 activation.ConclusionThese results collectively show that the therapeutic evidence for FBG ameliorates the nephrotoxicity via regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Functional properties of Saccharomyces kluyveri Y97-fermented solo black garlic

“…Antioxidant capacity enhancement was alleged to those microbes convert several components in food or substrat and changes sugar to alcohol and lactic acid which can increase bioactivity of the components (Bae et al 2004;Trint et al 2007). Jung et al (2017) mentioned that antioxidant capacity of red ginseng extract by the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P. Those phenomenon was similar to this research.…”

“…Research in other raw plant material showed that the total phenolic content in black ginseng fermented by S. cerevisiae was higher than that of raw ginseng and black ginseng (Jung et al 2017). Jhan et al (2015) reported that the total phenolic content increased after fermentation, when red beans were fermented by B. subtilis and L. delbrueckii sub sp.…”

Protective Effect of Panaxynol Isolated from Panax vietnamensis against Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

“…Cisplatin is known to demonstrate toxic effects on the renal tubule, vasculature, and glomeruli. It results in structural damage to the kidney and consequently increases creatinine and urea in blood [37][38][39]. Panaxynol treatment reduced the serum creatinine and BUN in mice with cisplatin-induced kidney injury.…”

Anti‐inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of ginseng extract bioconverted by Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 12010P isolated from kimchi

“…Bioconversion has also been applied to food wastes such as wastes from coffee beans, fruit, onion, vegetables and wheat bran to generate renewable energy (Uckun et al, 2014). Bioconverted ginseng and ginsenosides have focused on evaluating their beneficial effects because they can prevent more effectively hypertension, regulate oxidative stress and prevent cancer cell growth than non-bioconverted ones Jung et al, 2017). Bioconverted ginseng and ginsenosides have focused on evaluating their beneficial effects because they can prevent more effectively hypertension, regulate oxidative stress and prevent cancer cell growth than non-bioconverted ones Jung et al, 2017).…”

“…In addition, many researchers reported on the bioconversion of fresh ginseng, red ginseng and specific ginsenosides using microorganisms, purified enzymes and recombinant enzymes (Cui et al, 2013;Huq et al, 2014;Jo et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2014). Bioconverted ginseng and ginsenosides have focused on evaluating their beneficial effects because they can prevent more effectively hypertension, regulate oxidative stress and prevent cancer cell growth than non-bioconverted ones Jung et al, 2017). In addition, several studies on microbial bioconversion pathway of ginsenoside have been conducted using HPLC assay (Dong et al, 2017).…”