Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma: A case report

Σακελλαρίου, Μαρία; Dellaportas, Dionysios; Grapsa, Eirini; Tzikanoulas, Menelaos; Dellis, Athanasios; Theodosopoulos, Theodosios; Nastos, Constantinos

doi:10.3892/mco.2020.1987

Cited by 7 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Five cases out of 45 presented with leg swelling (32,49,59,67,69) 1 with cold feet sensation (35) and 2 cases had skin varices at the time of diagnosis (67,69). One case presented with weight gain (32), 1 had back pain related with bone metastases (34), 1 had urinary track symptoms (70) and 3 were asymptomatic (71)(72)(73). 1 case was diagnosed during follow-up for previously resected adrenal leiomyosarcoma (31) and two cases were diagnosed postmortem due to HIV-related infections (3).…”

Section: Symptoms Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 23.26% of the cases appeared extending to the IVC through tumor thrombus ( (34,38,51,53,63,65,73).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One case that was deemed inoperable underwent thoracic surgery for metastases (38) and three cases underwent autopsy examination (3, 59). One patient received preoperative chemotherapy (65), 5 patients received combination chemotherapy with radiotherapy postoperatively (39,44,45,50,73), 5 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (36,49,54,61,71), 2 patients received radiotherapy postoperatively (35,64) and one patient received combination chemotherapy RT and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) postoperatively (42). One patient received combination chemotherapy and RT only in vivo 34: 2233-2248 (2020) (51), 2 cases underwent chemotherapy only (32,38) and one patient received RT only (34).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commonly, therapy was doxorubicin-based (46.67%) (38,39,45,51,54,61,71) and gemcitabine-based (13.33%) (49,50). One patient was treated with both regimens sequentially (73). One patient was treated with doxorubicin-based chemotherapy and then with cisplatin (42) and one other with receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors (36).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The median surgical specimen's size measured was 10.5 cm (average=11.22 cm, minimum=0.8 cm, maximum=27 cm) out of 27 unilateral (37, 39, 40, 43-45, 47, 49, 50, 52, 54-58, 60-62, 64-67, 69-73) and 3 autopsy specimens (3, 59) that provided size and weighted in median 482 g (average=692 g, minimum=47 g, maximum=2400 g) out of 10 unilateral tumors that provided weight (37,39,40,47,50,52,56,70,72,73), 3 cases that provided the weight of the surgical specimen containing en bloc the resected kidney were not included (43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of the Literature on Leiomyoma and Leiomyosarcoma of the Adrenal Gland: A Systematic Analysis of Case Reports

Σακελλαρίου

Dellaportas

Peppa

et al. 2020

In Vivo

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Background/Aim: To date few cases of smooth muscle-derived tumors of the adrenal gland have been reported and their treatment remains a medical challenge. The aim of this manuscript was to systematically review the literature and present the tumor characteristics and their management in order to provide a standardized approach to their diagnosis and management. Materials and Methods: We searched five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, ResearchGate, Google scholar) for relevant articles published until March 2020. Results: Twenty-two cases of adrenal leiomyoma, four cases of adrenal smooth muscle tumor and forty-five cases of adrenal leiomyosarcoma were included. Conclusion: We present the demographic, clinical, radiological, pathological and oncological characteristics and prognosis of tumors of the adrenal gland arising from smooth muscle cells, as well as describe the common clinical investigations and therapeutic modalities that have been reported as part of their management.Adrenal tumors can be detected either incidentally or after investigation of signs and symptoms that they evoke. Generally, they can be histologically categorized as primary tumors of the adrenal cortex or medulla, metastases from other primary malignancies and other tumors of the adrenal gland which originate from connective tissue cells. Adrenal cortical tumors are comprised by (asymmetric) adrenal cortical hyperplasia, adenoma, myelolipoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, oncocytic adrenocortical neoplasms; medullary tumors are comprised by pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuroma, neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and teratoma. Connective tissue origin tumors are rarer and are comprised mainly by haemangioma and lymphangioma with a few cases of leiomyoma, lipoma, hemangiosarcoma, lymphoma, leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma, as reported in the literature. Patients with primary malignancies in lung, breast, kidney, colon, oesophagus, pancreas, liver, stomach or with melanoma can present with adrenal metastases spread from these tumors, which can commonly be found bilaterally (1).Leiomyomas (LM) and leiomyosarcomas (LMS) are mesenchymal tumors that derive from smooth muscle cells. Their benign -leiomyoma or malignant -leiomyosarcoma characterization depends on nuclear atypia and/or pleomorphism, mitotic activity and tumor cell necrosis (2). Leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas of the adrenal gland comprise a very small percentage of the gland's pathology with very little data available in the literature. The aim of this manuscript was to systematically review the literature and present demographic, clinical, radiological, pathological and oncological characteristics and prognosis of tumors of the adrenal gland arising from smooth muscle cells, as well as describe the common clinical investigations and therapeutic modalities that have been reported as part of their management.

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Section: Symptoms Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 23.26% of the cases appeared extending to the IVC through tumor thrombus ( (34,38,51,53,63,65,73).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Review of the Literature on Leiomyoma and Leiomyosarcoma of the Adrenal Gland: A Systematic Analysis of Case Reports

Σακελλαρίου

Dellaportas

Peppa

et al. 2020

In Vivo

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Comparison between core needle biopsy and excisional biopsy for breast neoplasm

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to explore clinical significance of core needle biopsy (CNB) in pathological diagnosis of breast neoplasm. Seventy one breast neoplasm samples were obtained from Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing between the years of 2006 and 2014. Forty five specimens were obtained via CNB and cases offering 26 of them received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathology, histology, and immunohistochemistry results were compared between CNB specimens and excisional biopsy. Upward and downward tendencies could be observed in CNB specimens and excisional biopsy, respectively, in all items. Tumor proportion of CNB tissues was (33 + 2)/45 = 77.78%, when ductal carcinoma in situ detected by both CNB and excisional biopsy was 31/45 = 68.89%, with a consistency of (31 + 3)/45 = 75.56%. Tumor thrombus detected by both CNB and excisional biopsy was 2/45 = 4.44%. Among cases receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, CNB and excisional biopsy, in mitotic figure, cytological scoring and histological grading, showed a total change rate of >50% (50%–75%), while changes in duct and cellular heteromorphism were not distinct. Cases showing changes were up to 73.08%, with 8/26 = 30.77% for rise and 11/26 = 42.31% for descent. CNB could be used for preoperative diagnosis of breast neoplasm, and help to determine proper treatment regimen, thus elevating the rate of breast conserving. However, this method still has several limitations, particularly in immunohistochemical tests of human epidermal receptor protein-2. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may influence the accuracy of CNB diagnosis.

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Primary Adrenal Leiomyosarcoma: Clinical, Radiological, and Histopathological Characteristics

Jabarkhel

Puttonen

Hansson

et al. 2020

Journal of the Endocrine Society

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Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma (PAL) is a rare, high-grade proliferating mesenchymal tumor with a considerable risk of metastasis, deriving from the smooth muscle wall of a central adrenal vein, or its tributaries. Roughly 40 patients with PAL have been reported in the literature. Herein, we present 3 patients with incidentally discovered PAL, along with an overview of the current knowledge on the clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of PAL.

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Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma: A case report

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Review of the Literature on Leiomyoma and Leiomyosarcoma of the Adrenal Gland: A Systematic Analysis of Case Reports

Review of the Literature on Leiomyoma and Leiomyosarcoma of the Adrenal Gland: A Systematic Analysis of Case Reports

Comparison between core needle biopsy and excisional biopsy for breast neoplasm

Primary Adrenal Leiomyosarcoma: Clinical, Radiological, and Histopathological Characteristics

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