Primary hyperparathyroidism due to ectopic mediastinal parathyroid gland at the level of anterior wall of ascending aorta

Abstract

Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) resulting in hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria due to autonomous secretion of PTH. Ectopic parathyroid adenoma, as a consequence of variability in the glandular tissue migration during the embryologic life or a super numary fifth parathyroid gland, has an incidence of 25% among patients with PHPT. The incidence of deeply mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenoma is 1-3%.