Primary retroperitoneal germ cell tumor in an adult female

Lou, Qitian; Wang, Weigen; Liang, Wenjie

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000019170

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…4 Retroperitoneal germ cell tumors account for about 5% of retroperitoneal tumors. 18 In our series, eight patients of retroperitoneal germ cell tumors were seen, most of them being teratomas in the prepubertal age group (four patients of which three female and one male). Three male patients with retroperitoneal germ cell tumors were seen in the postpubertal age group and one female patient was in the congenital age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors: A Single Institution Experience with Clinicopathological Correlation

Sekar,

Pradeep,

Srinivas

et al. 2023

Int J Surg Pathol

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Background. Extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGCTs) are a rare heterogeneous group of tumors without evidence of primary gonadal germ cell tumors. They account for 2%-5% of overall malignancies. EGCTs are often not clinically suspected, making them challenging for pathologists. In this retrospective observational study, we describe our institutional experience among EGCTs with clinicopathological correlation. Materials and methods. All patients diagnosed as EGCTs from January 2014 to April 2023 were collected. All relevant clinical data and serum markers were retrieved from hospital medical records. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry slides were reviewed. Results. The present study included a total of 56 patients; 34 (60%) men and 22 (40%) women with a men-to-women ratio of 1.5:1. Of them, 1 patient had congenital/neonatal EGCTs, 21 patients had prepubertal EGCTs, and 34 had post-pubertal EGCTs. The common sites included are mediastinum (45%), sacrococcyx (18%), retroperitoneum (14%), and central nervous system (12%). The other rare sites were the vagina, liver, colon, and duodenum. The common germ cell tumor included mature teratoma (34%), mixed germ cell tumor (27%), seminoma/germinoma (12%), pure yolk sac tumor (11%), immature teratoma (9%), mature teratoma with somatic tumor (5%), and embryonal carcinoma (2%). All histological diagnoses of germ cell tumors were confirmed with IHC markers like PLAP, CD117 (KIT), AFP, LIN28, CD30, and β-hCG. Pre and posttreatment serum tumor marker levels were available in 37 patients. All our treated patients had a decrease or normal tumor marker levels post-therapy. Conclusion. In our study, a heterogeneous group of germ cell tumors was seen. Most of them were seen in post-pubertal adolescents and young adults. Early intervention by platinum-based combination chemotherapy in seminoma and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors has significantly improved the prognosis of malignant EGCTs similar to their germ cell counterparts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors: A Single Institution Experience with Clinicopathological Correlation

Sekar,

Pradeep,

Srinivas

et al. 2023

Int J Surg Pathol

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“…[ 7 ] The classical clinical manifestations of dysgerminoma are an abdominal mass and pressure symptoms with elevation of serum LDH. [ 8 , 9 ] The presence of tumor nest multiplicity, central blood vessels and ovarian vascular pedicle on radiological images may aid in diagnosing dysgerminoma. [ 10 ] This tumor is the ovarian counterpart of testicular seminoma and is therefore histologically similar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some patients can receive bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin according to the surgical method and tumor stage [7] . The classical clinical manifestations of dysgerminoma are an abdominal mass and pressure symptoms with elevation of serum LDH [8,9] . The presence of tumor nest multiplicity, central blood vessels and ovarian vascular pedicle on radiological images may aid in diagnosing dysgerminoma [10] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian dysgerminoma with pseudo-Meigs syndrome

Chen

Jin

et al. 2021

Medicine

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Rationale: Dysgerminoma is a rare malignant tumor of the ovary, more frequently occurring in young women. The main signs of pseudo-Meigs syndrome (PMS) are ascites and hydrothorax accompanying benign or malignant ovarian tumors (no fibroma or fibroma-like tumor). Patient concerns: A 19-year-old woman with fever and chest tightness for 2 days. Diagnoses: Pectoral-abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large amount of right pleural effusion, a small amount of ascites, and a huge abdominopelvic mass measuring about 29.2cm × 11.8cm × 8.4 cm in the left ovary. The result of hydrothorax examination was consistent with the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion. In addition, Rivalta-test showed a positive result and lactate dehydrogenase was elevated. The histopathological diagnosis was a giant germ cell tumor, which was consistent with dysgerminoma in terms of both morphology and immunophenotype. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of malignant ovarian neoplasm with PMS was made. Interventions: Surgical resection of the tumor was performed. Outcomes: The patient recovered well after operation, and the pleural effusion and abdominal ascites vanished. No recurrence was observed during the 1-year follow-up period. Lessons: Ovarian dysgerminoma with PMS is a rare malignant tumor of the ovary, which often occurs in young women. It should be considered in differential diagnosis of patients with a pelvic mass, ascites and pleural effusion. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment are beneficial to prolonged survival.

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A 24-Year-Old Man Presenting with Lung Metastases from a Primary Retroperitoneal Extragonadal Choriocarcinoma

et al. 2022

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Patient: Male, 24-year-old Final Diagnosis: Retroperitoneal choriocarcinoma Symptoms: Left sided • pleuritic chest pain and back pain radiating down his left leg of one year duration Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: General and Internal Medicine Objective: Rare disease Background: Primary retroperitoneal choriocarcinoma is a rare form of extragonadal germ cell tumor that is highly aggressive and responds poorly to chemoradiation. Extragonadal choriocarcinomas are notoriously challenging to diagnose, and have often progressed to advanced disease by the time of diagnosis. The survival rate for extragonadal choriocarcinoma is approximately 30%, which is much lower than that of extragonadal non-semi-nomatous germ cell tumors (GCT) in general. Case Report: A 24-year-old man with no significant past medical history presented with left-sided, pleuritic chest pain and back pain radiating down his left leg, of 1-year duration. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules and a CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed a large heterogeneous soft tissue mass measuring 9.3×8×10.5 cm. A CT-guided core needle biopsy of a lung nodule was performed and the findings were consistent with the diagnosis of metastatic choriocarcinoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was negative for metastatic disease. Tumor markers were significant for a markedly elevated beta human chorionic gonadotropin (B-hCG) of 104 712 mIU/mL. He was diagnosed with a stage IIIC germ cell tumor, further classified as a primary retroperitoneal choriocarcinoma with lung metastasis, and was started on urgent inpatient chemotherapy. Conclusions: Due to the poor outcomes associated with extragonadal choriocarcinoma, it is important to promptly and correctly identify this malignancy in order to initiate treatment in a timely manner. The following case report explores the histopathologic characterization of this malignancy and describes the clinical course and outcomes from treatment for this patient.

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Primary retroperitoneal germ cell tumor in an adult female

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors: A Single Institution Experience with Clinicopathological Correlation

Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors: A Single Institution Experience with Clinicopathological Correlation

Ovarian dysgerminoma with pseudo-Meigs syndrome

A 24-Year-Old Man Presenting with Lung Metastases from a Primary Retroperitoneal Extragonadal Choriocarcinoma

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