Primary spectrum and composition with IceCube/IceTop

Gaisser, T. K.

doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2016.10.008

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The solid line shows our model prediction. This is consistent with the experimental results (yellow [87] and cyan regions [88]), although uncertainty is large. This figure is reproduced from [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High-energy emissions from neutron star mergers

Kimura

2019

EPJ Web Conf.

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In 2017, LIGO-Virgo collaborations reported detection of the first neutron star merger event, GW170817, which is accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts from radio to gamma rays. Although high-energy neutrinos were not detected from this event, mergers of neutron stars are expected to produce such high-energy particles. Relativistic jets are launched when neutron stars merge. If the jets contain protons, they can emit high-energy neutrinos through photomeson production. In addition, neutron star mergers produce massive and fast ejecta, which can be a source of Galactic high-energy cosmic rays above the knee.We briefly review what we learned from the multi-messenger event, GW170817, and discuss prospects for multi-messenger detections and hadronic cosmic-ray production related to the neutron star mergers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High-energy emissions from neutron star mergers

Kimura

2019

EPJ Web Conf.

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“…The IceCube coincidence analysis gives composition results that agree well with ln(A) measurements summarized in Ref. [161] up to 100 PeV, but the mass value remains high above that energy in some tension with the other data (see Figure 8 in [162]). Muons produce a characteristic signal in IceTop tanks because they generate a charge proportional to the length of their tracks.…”

Section: Measurements Of the Local Cosmic-ray Spectrum And Compositionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays Observed by IceCube

Aartsen,

Ackermann,

Adams

et al. 2017

Preprint

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The core mission of the IceCube Neutrino observatory is to study the origin and propagation of cosmic rays. IceCube, with its surface component IceTop, observes multiple signatures to accomplish this mission. Most important are the astrophysical neutrinos that are produced in interactions of cosmic rays, close to their sources and in interstellar space. IceCube is the first instrument that measures the properties of this astrophysical neutrino flux, and constrains its origin. In addition, the spectrum, composition and anisotropy of the local cosmic-ray flux are obtained from measurements of atmospheric muons and showers. Here we provide an overview of recent findings from the analysis of IceCube data, and their implications on our understanding of cosmic rays.

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“…With hundreds of coincident events per year above one EeV, the planned IceCube-Gen2 detector will allow unprecedented measurement of the evolution of the primary composition in the region where a transition from galactic to extragalactic CR is predicted [94] -through comparison of the ratio of the signal from the bundle of TeV muons in the deep detector to the size of the coincident surface shower [424]. The TeV muons will provide information on hadronic interactions in the air showers complementary to the low-energy muons at the surface [425].…”

Section: Surface Detector Array For Cosmic Raysmentioning

confidence: 99%

IceCube-Gen2: the window to the extreme Universe

Aartsen¹,

Abbasi²,

Ackermann³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

378

312

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The observation of electromagnetic radiation from radio to γ-ray wavelengths has provided a wealth of information about the Universe. However, at PeV (1015 eV) energies and above, most of the Universe is impenetrable to photons. New messengers, namely cosmic neutrinos, are needed to explore the most extreme environments of the Universe where black holes, neutron stars, and stellar explosions transform gravitational energy into non-thermal cosmic rays. These energetic particles have millions of times higher energies than those produced in the most powerful particle accelerators on Earth. As neutrinos can escape from regions otherwise opaque to radiation, they allow an unique view deep into exploding stars and the vicinity of the event horizons of black holes. The discovery of cosmic neutrinos with IceCube has opened this new window on the Universe. IceCube has been successful in finding first evidence for cosmic particle acceleration in the jet of an active galactic nucleus. Yet, ultimately, its sensitivity is too limited to detect even the brightest neutrino sources with high significance, or to detect populations of less luminous sources. In this white paper, we present an overview of a next-generation instrument, IceCube-Gen2, which will sharpen our understanding of the processes and environments that govern the Universe at the highest energies. IceCube-Gen2 is designed to: (a) Resolve the high-energy neutrino sky from TeV to EeV energies (b) Investigate cosmic particle acceleration through multi-messenger observations (c) Reveal the sources and propagation of the highest energy particles in the Universe (d) Probe fundamental physics with high-energy neutrinos IceCube-Gen2 will enhance the existing IceCube detector at the South Pole. It will increase the annual rate of observed cosmic neutrinos by a factor of ten compared to IceCube, and will be able to detect sources five times fainter than its predecessor. Furthermore, through the addition of a radio array, IceCube-Gen2 will extend the energy range by several orders of magnitude compared to IceCube. Construction will take 8 years and cost about $350M. The goal is to have IceCube-Gen2 fully operational by 2033. IceCube-Gen2 will play an essential role in shaping the new era of multi-messenger astronomy, fundamentally advancing our knowledge of the high-energy Universe. This challenging mission can be fully addressed only through the combination of the information from the neutrino, electromagnetic, and gravitational wave emission of high-energy sources, in concert with the new survey instruments across the electromagnetic spectrum and gravitational wave detectors which will be available in the coming years.

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Primary spectrum and composition with IceCube/IceTop

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

High-energy emissions from neutron star mergers

High-energy emissions from neutron star mergers

Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays Observed by IceCube

IceCube-Gen2: the window to the extreme Universe

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