Primary ureteral giant cell sarcoma in a Pomeranian

Abstract

An 8-year-old male neutered Pomeranian dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Oregon State University for surgical treatment of hydronephrosis of the left kidney and a left cranial abdominal mass. A primary ureteral mass was found during exploratory surgery, and the mass was resected and ureteral anastomosis was performed. Cytologic evaluation of the mass revealed 3 distinct cell populations, including a large number of multinucleated giant cells, a moderate number of thin spindle-shaped cells, and cohesive clusters of transitional epithelial cells. The cytologic diagnosis was giant cell sarcoma. The diagnosis was confirmed by histologic examination, and immunohistochemical staining was performed. The spindle-shaped cells and multinucleated giant cells were both immunoreactive for vimentin and spindle-shaped cells for S-100. Tumor cells did not express wide-spectrum cytokeratin, broad-spectrum muscle actin, smooth muscle actin, sarcomeric actin, desmin, BLA36, Mac 387, synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase, glial fibrillary acid protein, or von Willebrand factor. These findings are most consistent with an anaplastic sarcoma with giant cells. This is the first case report of a primary ureteral giant cell sarcoma in a dog.

Primary ureteral leiomyosarcoma in a dog

“…Another four dogs either died or were euthanased within 8 months postoperatively. The remaining three cases were still alive at the last follow‐up (4 months to 2 years postoperatively) . In our case, the dog was euthanased 5.5 months postoperatively, despite surgical excision and chemotherapy.…”

“…Primary tumours of the ureter are rare in dogs; 7 of 17 reported primary ureteral tumours in dogs were malignant, with only one of them being a leiomyosarcoma …”

“…Primary tumours of the ureter are rare in dogs; 7 of 17 reported primary ureteral tumours in dogs were malignant, with only one of them being a leiomyosarcoma. 2,3,[5][6][7][8][9] Intraabdominal leiomyosarcomas most commonly affect the gastrointestinal tract and the previously described treatment of choice is surgical resection. 14 The median survival time for gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma after surgical excision is up to 37.4 months.…”

“…Secondary ureteral involvement of bladder or renal tumours is more common. There are 17 reported cases of primary ureteral tumours, including leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, sarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma, giant cell sarcoma, mast cell tumour, transitional cell carcinoma, fibropapilloma and fibroepithelial polyp . The common presenting clinical signs include polyuria, polydipsia, pollakiuria, nocturia, haematuria, urinary incontinence and urinary tract infection .…”

“…The common presenting clinical signs include polyuria, polydipsia, pollakiuria, nocturia, haematuria, urinary incontinence and urinary tract infection . However, in some of the reported cases the dog was presented only with clinical signs that were not suggestive of urinary tract disease, such as lethargy, exercise intolerance, pyrexia, anorexia, weight loss, abdominal pain and vomiting …”