Primary Vaccine Failure after 1 Dose of Varicella Vaccine in Healthy Children

Michalik, David E.; Steinberg, Sharon; LaRussa, Philip; Edwards, Kathryn M.; Wright, Peter F.; Arvin, Ann M.; Gans, Haley A.; Gershon, Anne A.

doi:10.1086/529043

Cited by 126 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, a recent study showed a seroconversion rate in susceptible healthy children of 76% after one dose of VV (24), suggesting that one dose of this vaccine could lead to primary vaccine failure. In fact, the last published guidelines on VV from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (June 2007) advocated the use of 2 doses of the vaccine for all children after 1 year of age, independently of the immunologic situation (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and immunogenicity of varicella vaccine in patients with juvenile rheumatic diseases receiving methotrexate and corticosteroids

Pileggi¹,

Souza²,

Ferriani³

2010

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of varicella vaccine (VV) in susceptible patients with juvenile rheumatic diseases receiving methotrexate and corticosteroids. Methods. Twenty-five patients with juvenile rheumatic diseases (ages 2-19 years) and 18 healthy children and adolescents (ages 3-18 years) received a single dose of VV. All 25 patients were receiving methotrexate; 13 were also receiving prednisone and 5 were also receiving other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. None of the vaccinated patients or controls had a previous history of varicella. Anti-varicella-zoster virus IgG antibody (anti-VZV-IgG) titers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay immediately before, 4 -6 weeks after, and 1 year after vaccination. The patients were monitored prospectively for adverse reactions related to the vaccine, exposure, and occurrence of varicella. Disease activity was assessed 3 months before and 3 months after VV. Conclusion. VV appears to be safe in patients with juvenile rheumatic diseases receiving methotrexate, as long as continuous prospective vigilance for side effects is performed. Results. Twenty patients and all of the controls had negative preimmunization titers of VZV-IgG

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and immunogenicity of varicella vaccine in patients with juvenile rheumatic diseases receiving methotrexate and corticosteroids

Pileggi¹,

Souza²,

Ferriani³

2010

Arthritis Care & Research

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“…It is highly sensitive because the preservation of the structure of the surface glycoproteins on infected cells allows neutralising antibodies to be detected [389] . It has been used to assess protection against varicella as a value of ≥ 4 correlates with protection [215,347,376,[390][391][392] . Its limitations are that it is semi-quantitative, cannot be automated, and requires specialised personnel and specific equipment; reading is subjective and subject to inter-laboratory variability [30] .…”

Section: Ifamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology laboratory and the management of mother-child varicella-zoster virus infection

Paschale

Clerici

2016

WJV

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Varicella-zoster virus, which is responsible for varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles), is ubiquitous and causes an acute infection among children, especially those aged less than six years. As 90% of adults have had varicella in childhood, it is unusual to encounter an infected pregnant woman but, if the disease does appear, it can lead to complications for both the mother and fetus or newborn. The major maternal complications include pneumonia, which can lead to death if not treated. If the virus passes to the fetus, congenital varicella syndrome, neonatal varicella (particularly serious if maternal rash appears in the days immediately before or after childbirth) or herpes zoster in the early years of life may occur depending on the time of infection. A Microbiology laboratory can help in the diagnosis and management of mother-child infection at four main times: (1) when a pregnant woman has been exposed to varicella or herpes zoster, a prompt search for specific antibodies can determine whether she is susceptible to, or protected against infection; (2) when a pregnant woman develops clinical symptoms consistent with varicella, the diagnosis is usually clinical, but a laboratory can be crucial if the symptoms are doubtful or otherwise unclear (atypical patterns in immunocompromised subjects, patients with post-vaccination varicella, or subjects who have received immunoglobulins), or if there is a need for a differential diagnosis between varicella and other types of dermatoses with vesicle formation; (3) when a prenatal diagnosis of uterine infection is required in order to detect cases of congenital varicella syndrome after the onset of varicella in the mother; and (4) when the baby is born and it is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of varicella (and its complications), make a differential diagnosis between varicella and other diseases with similar symptoms, or confirm a causal relationship between maternal varicella and malformations in a newborn. Core tip: Although varicella during pregnancy is infrequent and congenital varicella syndrome (CVS) is rare, every available means should be used to prevent and diagnose them. Microbiology laboratories can be crucial in these situations: Evaluating a mother's immune status with sensitive and specific tests for the detection of antibodies; allowing a rapid diagnosis with molecular biology tests when a clinical manifestation may be due to different etiologies; following pregnant women with varicella for the prenatal diagnosis of CVS with close collaboration between molecular biology investigators and specialists in imaging diagnostics.De Paschale M, Clerici P. Microbiology laboratory and the management of mother-child varicella-zoster virus infection. World

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“…Истинная иммунная прослойка рассчитывается вычитанием из привитых и переболевших детей доли серонегативных (по напряженности иммунитета в выбор-ке) лиц [26]. Мировой опыт исследования эффективности ветряночной вакцины свидетельствует, что около 15% детей, получивших однодозовую иммунизацию, остаются серонегативными и подвержены развитию «ветрянки прорыва» вследствие первичной или вторичной вакци-нальной недостаточности [27,28]. По вышеозначенным причинам определение истинной иммунной прослойки в домах ребенка не представляется возможным.…”

Section: фармакоэкономика в педиатрииunclassified

Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Chickenpox Immune Prevention Effectiveness in the Infant Orphanage Inmates

Райский¹,

Dzhumagaziev²,

Джальмухамедова³

et al. 2014

PPh

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Primary Vaccine Failure after 1 Dose of Varicella Vaccine in Healthy Children

Cited by 126 publications

References 41 publications

Safety and immunogenicity of varicella vaccine in patients with juvenile rheumatic diseases receiving methotrexate and corticosteroids

Safety and immunogenicity of varicella vaccine in patients with juvenile rheumatic diseases receiving methotrexate and corticosteroids

Microbiology laboratory and the management of mother-child varicella-zoster virus infection

Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Chickenpox Immune Prevention Effectiveness in the Infant Orphanage Inmates

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