Primitive Os and 2316 Ma age for marine shale: implications for Paleoproterozoic glacial events and the rise of atmospheric oxygen

Hannah, Judith L.; Bekker, Andrey; Stein, Holly J.; Markey, Richard J.; Holland, Heinrich

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.06.013

Cited by 238 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This correlation is now shown to be incorrect based on the 2,426 ± 3 Ma age constraint provided by the Ongeluk Formation volcanic rocks and associated intrusions. In addition, lithologic and chemostratigraphic data for the Duitschland and Rooihoogte formations (15,18,23,24,31) coupled with recent age constraints (9,11,25) and arguments relying on basin architecture (16) indicate that the Duitschland and Rooihoogte formations are younger than the Postmasburg Group (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing and tempo of the Great Oxidation Event

Gumsley

Chamberlain

Bleeker

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The first significant buildup in atmospheric oxygen, the Great Oxidation Event (GOE), began in the early Paleoproterozoic in association with global glaciations and continued until the end of the Lomagundi carbon isotope excursion ca. 2,060 Ma. The exact timing of and relationships among these events are debated because of poor age constraints and contradictory stratigraphic correlations. Here, we show that the first Paleoproterozoic global glaciation and the onset of the GOE occurred between ca. 2,460 and 2,426 Ma, ∼100 My earlier than previously estimated, based on an age of 2,426 ± 3 Ma for Ongeluk Formation magmatism from the Kaapvaal Craton of southern Africa. This age helps define a key paleomagnetic pole that positions the Kaapvaal Craton at equatorial latitudes of 11°± 6°at this time. Furthermore, the rise of atmospheric oxygen was not monotonic, but was instead characterized by oscillations, which together with climatic instabilities may have continued over the next ∼200 My until ≤2,250-2,240 Ma. Ongeluk Formation volcanism at ca. 2,426 Ma was part of a large igneous province (LIP) and represents a waning stage in the emplacement of several temporally discrete LIPs across a large low-latitude continental landmass. These LIPs played critical, albeit complex, roles in the rise of oxygen and in both initiating and terminating global glaciations. This series of events invites comparison with the Neoproterozoic oxygen increase and Sturtian Snowball Earth glaciation, which accompanied emplacement of LIPs across supercontinent Rodinia, also positioned at low latitude.Great Oxidation Event | Snowball Earth | Paleoproterozoic |

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing and tempo of the Great Oxidation Event

Gumsley

Chamberlain

Bleeker

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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274

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“…The ironstone of the Timeball Hill Formation was deposited in a dynamic depositional environment, likely a shallow-marine to deltaic part of the basin [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] . The age of the Timeball Hill formation is best defined by a Re-Os age of 2316 ± 7 Ma from the shales straddling the contact of the Rooihoogte and overlying Timeball Hill formations 28 . Although primary sedimentary structures and textures are well preserved in the Timeball Hill Formation, iron minerals have been recrystallized.…”

Section: Ca 232 Ga Timeball Hill Formation South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for oxygenic photosynthesis half a billion years before the Great Oxidation Event

et al. 2014

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Method Summary:Rocks were collected from either drill core or surface outcrop without obvious weathering. Exterior surfaces were removed. Samples were powdered in a tungsten carbide mill from chips that were picked to avoid veins. Major element concentrations were determined using either an ICP-MS (Agilent 7500ce Series, or Thermo Element2) or an ICP-AES (Iris Advantage) after a three-acid dissolution or a metaborate fusion, respectively. Accuracy and precision for major element analyses was based on duplicates of the geostandards IF-G, SDO-1, and BHVO-1, and estimated error is less than 5%. For Mo isotopes, powdered samples were digested with concentrated HNO 3 + HF and HNO 3 + HCl, and then the samples were evaporated and dissolved with 7 mol/L HCl.

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“…In addition, because the redox potential for the oxidization of Os is higher than that of conventional redox-sensitive elements (Mo and Re), the records of Os abundance in sedimentary rock may allow us to reconstruct the accumulation of high levels of atmospheric O 2 . In fact, studies of the Os isotopic compositions of 2.50-Ga organic-rich shales 11 and of authigenic pyrite in 2.32 Ga shales 14 show no clear evidence of the oxidative weathering of Os, but Mo and Re enrichments are found in the 2.50-Ga organic-rich shale 11 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Osmium evidence for synchronicity between a rise in atmospheric oxygen and Palaeoproterozoic deglaciation

et al. 2011

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Early Palaeoproterozoic (2.5-2.0 billion years ago) was a critical phase in Earth's history, characterized by multiple severe glaciations and a rise in atmospheric o 2 (the Great oxidation Event). Although glaciations occurred at the time of o 2 increase, the relationship between climatic and atmospheric transitions remains poorly understood. Here we report high concentrations of the redox-sensitive element os with high initial 187 os/ 188 os values in a sandstone-siltstone interval that spans the transition from glacial diamictite to overlying carbonate in the Huronian supergroup, Canada. Together with the results of Re, mo and s analyses of the sediments, we suggest that immediately after the second Palaeoproterozoic glaciation, atmospheric o 2 levels became sufficiently high to deliver radiogenic continental os to shallow-marine environments, indicating the synchronicity of an episode of increasing o 2 and deglaciation. This result supports the hypothesis that climatic recovery from the glaciations acted to accelerate the Great oxidation Event.

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Primitive Os and 2316 Ma age for marine shale: implications for Paleoproterozoic glacial events and the rise of atmospheric oxygen

Cited by 238 publications

References 42 publications

Timing and tempo of the Great Oxidation Event

Timing and tempo of the Great Oxidation Event

Evidence for oxygenic photosynthesis half a billion years before the Great Oxidation Event

Osmium evidence for synchronicity between a rise in atmospheric oxygen and Palaeoproterozoic deglaciation

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