Principle, Validity, and Reliability of Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry

Michelson, Georg; Schmauß, Bernhard; Langhans, Marcus J.; Harazny, J.; Groh, Michael J. M.

doi:10.1097/00061198-199604000-00004

Cited by 202 publications

(151 citation statements)

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“…Past research into HRF may not be directly comparable to our results due to the use of varied cursor sizes ranging from 2 × 2 28 pixels to 50 × 50 pixels, 29 the use of modified HRF devices with different types of laser heads (670 nm, 16 default 780 nm, 30 790 nm 16 ) and different study designs or statistical methods. Iester and colleagues used AFFPIA software with full-field option, appropriate reliability experimental design, and calculated reliability as a coefficient of variation (CoV) ranging from 3.8-20.7% across different sections of the retina in a sample of healthy and glaucomatous eyes 31 Using a different statistical approach, our reliability of ICC 0.99 (95% CI 0.98-0.99) for capillary flow measured using AFFPIA full-field in healthy eyes is sufficiently high for repeated measures by the same observer, although this estimate is not directly comparable to the CoV values reported by other studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…2) in accordance with the methods outlined elsewhere. 12,15,16,23,25,26 Briefly, AFFPIA calculates the Doppler frequency shift of the hemodynamic flow of each pixel from the entire image, while the standard HRF software only analyzes within a given small-framed area (i.e., the pixel cursor). For a valid estimation of retinal blood flow, AFFPIA, unlike the HRF software, adjusts brightness to mask under-or over-exposed pixels.…”

Section: Image Analysis Methods and Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10−14 A commonly used SLDF device is the Heidelberg Retinal Flowmeter (HRF, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), which measures retinal capillary flow, volume, and velocity. 15,16 While the HRF has been applied to studying different ocular diseases, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and agerelated macular degeneration, 17−19 the reliability of measurement captured on the HRF is uncertain. 18,20 The HRF captures a topographic image, but these images require a trained observer to analyze and calculate the summary measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability of Different Image Analysis Methods for Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry

Kreis

Nguyen

Rogers

et al. 2008

Current Eye Research

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Purpose: To assess reliability and reproducibility of different analysis methods for retinal capillary flow, volume, and velocity from scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (SLDF) topography. Material and Methods: SLDF topography analysis using the default retinal flowmeter (HRF) were compared to that using automatic full-field perfusion image analyzer (AFFPIA) and quantified as intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: The AFFPIA full-field method had the highest reliability, with ICC 0.99 for capillary flow. The reproducibility using the AFFPIA full-field method was high ICC 0.74 for capillary flow. Conclusions: The AFFPIA full-field method is highly reliable and superior to the default HRF software.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Image Analysis Methods and Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability of Different Image Analysis Methods for Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry

Kreis

Nguyen

Rogers

et al. 2008

Current Eye Research

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“…This is a noninvasive, high-resolution mapping technique estimating capillary blood flow of the ONH and retina with an acceptable reliability [62][63][64] and adequate ability to show blood flow alterations. Moreover, in our study we used a central alignment technique described by Sehi and Flanagan, 50 which allows an optimal focal plane for the flowmetry of the NRR and peripapillary retina and more repeatable measurements of the blood flow at these levels.…”

Section: Effect On Onh Head and Retinal Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-line therapy with latanoprost 0.005% results in improved ocular circulation in newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma patients: a prospective, 6-month, open-label study

Gherghel

Hosking

Cunliffe

et al. 2006

Eye

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Purpose To evaluate the effect of latanoprost 0.005% on the optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal circulation of newly diagnosed and previously untreated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. Methods Twenty-two newly diagnosed and previously untreated POAG patients (mean age7SD: 68.38711.92 years) were included in this longitudinal open-label study. Patients were treated with latanoprost 0.005% once a day. Intraocular pressure (IOP), systemic blood pressure (BP), mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP), and ocular perfusion parameters 'volume', 'velocity', and 'flow' measured at the optic nerve head (ONH) and retina by means of Heidelberg Retina Flowmeter system were evaluated during a 6-month follow-up period. Results Treatment with latanoprost 0.005% resulted in a significant decrease in IOP (Po0.0001) and increase in MOPP (Po0.0001). After correcting for changes in MOPP, the blood velocity measured at the ONH level was significantly higher after 6 months of treatment than at baseline (P ¼ 0.0310). In addition, blood volume and flow measured at the peripapillary retina level improved after 3 and 6 months of treatment (P ¼ 0.0170; P ¼ 0.0260, and P ¼ 0.0170; P ¼ 0.0240 respectively).Conclusion Previously untreated POAG patients exhibit reduced IOP, increased MOPP and improved ocular perfusion at the ONH and retina levels when treated with Latanoprost 0.005%. These effects could be beneficial for glaucoma patients suffering from ocular vascular dysregulation.

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“…At present, there are predominantly four basic methods to assess ocular perfusion: the evaluation of the ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) by the method of Langham,3,4 scanning laser Doppler flowmetric techniques like the Heidelberg Retina Flowmeter, 5 fluorescence angiographic procedures, 6,7 and colour Doppler imaging (CDI). 8 Despite technical progress, none of the available techniques mentioned above allows one to measure ocular perfusion directly and quantitatively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric colour Doppler imaging: a useful tool for the determination of ocular blood flow in glaucoma patients?

Zeitz

Vilchez

Matthiessen

et al. 2005

Eye

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Purpose Disturbed ocular haemodynamics are discussed to contribute to the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Up to now there is no method available allowing direct determination of blood flow, which is the most relevant dimension for studies on haemodynamics. In this study, volumetric colour Doppler imaging (vCDI) is evaluated systematically in glaucoma patients. Methods A Siemens Elegra ultrasound set-up with a linear 7.5 MHz probe was used for all CDI measurements. For vCDI, the crosssectional area of a vessel and the flow velocity is determined. From both these parameters blood flow can be calculated. Ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) was assessed by the method of Langham using a pneumatic applanation tonometer. Results (1) Velocity measurements using CDI in the ophthalmic artery and central retinal artery were highly reproducible (n ¼ 20). In contrast, reproducibility of vCDI measurements was low (n ¼ 20). Reproducibility improved if five vCDI measures were averaged. (2) Results from two different CDI-operators did not differ regarding the velocity measurements, but there was a difference in vCDI measurements (n ¼ 20). (3) Results from vCDI did not correlate with measurements of OPA in 69 patients. (4) In 15 patients, vCDI failed to detect changes of ocular perfusion induced by the application of dorzolamide. Conclusion vCDI is not applicable in ophthalmology at present.

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Principle, Validity, and Reliability of Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry

Cited by 202 publications

References 0 publications

Reliability of Different Image Analysis Methods for Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry

Reliability of Different Image Analysis Methods for Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry

First-line therapy with latanoprost 0.005% results in improved ocular circulation in newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma patients: a prospective, 6-month, open-label study

Volumetric colour Doppler imaging: a useful tool for the determination of ocular blood flow in glaucoma patients?

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