PRISMA-S: An Extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews

Abstract

<p>This preprint has been submitted for peer review. OBJECTIVES: Despite wide usage of the PRISMA Statement reporting guideline by systematic review authors, compliance with its items regarding literature search reporting is suboptimal. We sought to develop an international standard for literature search reporting aligned with the PRISMA Statement to improve the quality and reproducibility of reported literature searches.METHODOLOGY: We formed an executive committee to lead the PRISMA-S extension development. The study protocol was published prior to study inception. To identify potential items for inclusion, we performed a literature search. Identified items were reviewed for overlap and consolidated. We then used a three-step Delphi survey process to assess the items. The first survey asked 163 international experts to rate each item, and the second and third rounds asked respondents to select the 25 most necessary items for a checklist. Potential items moved to rounds 2 and 3 based on pre-specified criteria. Remaining items were discussed at an in-person consensus conference. After the consensus conference, the remaining items were consolidated into a checklist. Executive committee members developed an accompanying explanation and elaboration document. The checklist and documentation were distributed for pilot testing. RESULTS: We identified 405 potential items from 61 sources located through the literature search process. Sources included both explicit reporting guidelines and studies assessing reproducibility of search strategies. These were consolidated into 123 potential items for the Delphi survey. We received 52 responses (32% response rate) to the first survey, and 35 (67% response rate) to both surveys two and three. The results of the Delphi process were reported at the consensus conference meeting in May 2016. Post-consensus conference, 34 items remained. The checklist was finalized into 13 items and 10 sub-items. Pilot testing is underway. This document is the draft for the Explanation &amp;amp; Elaboration for Draft 1, released for review/testing.CONCLUSIONS: The PRISMA-S extension for the PReferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline will provide a consensus-driven international standard for literature search reporting. Using this new reporting guideline may enable librarians and information specialists to produce higher quality, more reproducible, transparent search strategies for systematic reviews and other literature review-based publications.</p>

The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

“…However, for updated and living systematic reviews, there may be some additional considerations that need to be addressed. Where there is relevant content from other reporting guidelines, we reference these guidelines within the items in the explanation and elaboration paper [ 41 ] (such as PRISMA-Search [ 42 ] in items 6 and 7, Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) reporting guideline [ 27 ] in item 13d). Box 1 includes a glossary of terms used throughout the PRISMA 2020 statement.…”

PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews

“…and A.P.A). The draft checklist and explanation and elaboration document was released to the public on March 20, 2019, along with all data and study materials [32]. All participants in the Delphi process and/or consensus conference were contacted via email with instructions on how to provide feedback on the draft checklist items and/or elaboration and explanation document by commenting directly on the explanation and elaboration draft using a private commenting system, Hypothesis [33], or if preferred, via email.…”

“…All data is available via the PRISMA-S PRISMA Search Reporting Extension OSF site (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YGN9W) [32]. This includes all data relating to item development, survey instruments, data from the Delphi surveys, and consent documents.…”

Librarians as methodological peer reviewers for systematic reviews: results of an online survey

“…In fact, studies show that adherence to reporting guidelines and including a methodologist in peer review can lead to more citations [52] although that does not necessarily reflect the quality of the underlying search. Interestingly, since this survey was administered, a new PRISMA standard, PRISMA-S, has been released to serve as a reporting standard for searches to improve their transparency and reproducibility [11].…”